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Y5 > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

Typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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2
Q

Haloperidol

A

Typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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3
Q

Prochlorperazine

A

Typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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4
Q

Aripiprazole

A

Atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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5
Q

Clozapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic
Used for schizophrenia that is not responding to other antipsychotics
Improves negative symptoms of schizophrenia (apathy, paucity of speech)
SEs: QT prolongation, eosinophilia, speech impairment, agranulocytosis (↑ infection risk) hence, blood tests weekly for 18 weeks, then 2 weekly until one year, followed by monthly after a year

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6
Q

Olanzapine

A

Atypical (2nd gen.) antipsychotic/neuroleptic

Lower risk of extrapyramidal SEs

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7
Q

Quetiapine

A

Atypical (2nd gen.) antipsychotic/neuroleptic

Lower risk of extrapyramidal SEs

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8
Q

Risperidone

A

Atypical (2nd gen.) antipsychotic/neuroleptic

Lower risk of extrapyramidal SEs

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9
Q

Fluoxetine

A

SSRI antidepressant

AKA prozac

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10
Q

Citalopram

A

SSRI antidepressant

AKA cipramil

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11
Q

Sertraline

A

SSRI antidepressant

AKA Lustral

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12
Q

Paroxetine

A

SSRI antidepressant
AKA Seroxat
1st line for generalised anxiety disorder

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13
Q

Duloxetine

A

Selective Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant
AKA Cymbalta or Yentreve

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14
Q

Venlafaxine

A

Selective Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant
AKA Efexor
2nd line for generalised anxiety disorder

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15
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Noradrenaline and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NASSAs)

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16
Q

Amitriptyline

A

TCA
AKA Tryptizol
Excess can cause anticholinergic effects

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17
Q

Clomipramine

A

TCA

AKA Anafranil

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18
Q

Imipramine

A

TCA

AKA Tofranil

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19
Q

Lofepramine

A

TCA

AKA Gamanil

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20
Q

Nortriptyline

A

TCA

AKA Allegron

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21
Q

Tranycypromine

A

MAOIs

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22
Q

Phenelzine

A

MAOIs

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23
Q

Isocarboxazid

A

MAOIs

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24
Q

Depot antipsychotic injections (IM)

A

Aripiprazole 400mg every 4 weeks
Flupentixol decanoate 50-300mg every 2-4 weeks
Haloperidol decanoate 50-200mg every 4 weeks
Paliperidone palmitate 25-150mg every 4 weeks
Risperidone 25-50mg every 2 weeks
Zuclopenthixol decanoate 200-500mg every 1-4 weeks

Test dose given initially to check patient copes well with medication
Can reduce need for hospital admission by stabilising patient’s disorder

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25
Q

Zopiclone

A

Short term use for insomnia (z-drug) - non-benzodiazepine
Dose: 7.5mg OD at bedtime max. 4 weeks
Half dose for elderly
SEs: dry mouth, bitter taste, addictive

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26
Q

Melatonin

A

Used short term for insomnia and jet lag
2mg OD for max. 13 weeks, taken 1-2hrs before bedtime
SEs: arthralgia, ↑ infection risk

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27
Q

Zolpidem

A

Short term use for insomnia (z-drug) - non-benzodiazepine
Dose: 10mg OD at bedtime
Half dose for elderly

28
Q

Clonazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

Anxiolytic & antiepileptic

29
Q

Lorazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

30
Q

Diazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

31
Q

Metoclopramide

A

Anti-emetic

Avoid in bowel obstruction due to pro-kinetic effects

32
Q

Senna

A

Stimulant laxative

33
Q

Fybogel

A

Osmotic laxative

Draws water from surrounding tissue by osmosis to soften stool making it easier to pass out

34
Q

Drugs that worsen Parkinson’s

A

Prochlorperazine
Promethazine
Metoclopramide

35
Q

Drug induced hyperkalaemia

A 
Beta blockers
ACEi
ARBs
Heparin
NSAIDs
Potassium sparing diuretics e.g. amiloride, spironolactone
Potassium supplements
Antibiotics e.g. amoxicillin
36
Q

Drugs to avoid in pregnancy

A

Lisinopril (due to risk in 2nd and 3rd trimester)

37
Q

OM

A

Omni mane

Every morning

38
Q

ON

A

Omni nocte

Every evening

39
Q

AC

A

Ante cibum

Before food

40
Q

PC

A

Post cibum

After food

41
Q

Darifenacin

A

Treatment for urinary incontinence due to an overactive bladder
Anticholinergic medication
Once daily preparation

42
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Antimuscarinic (anticholinergic)
Immediate release
Urinary frequency treatment

43
Q

Finasteride

A

Treatment for BPH

5-alpha-reductase inhibitor

44
Q

Tamsulosin

A

Alpha blocker

Treatment for BPH

45
Q

Chloramphenicol 0.5% eye drops

A

Antibacterial

46
Q

Prednisolone 0.5% eye drops

A

Used to reduce inflammation around optic nerve

47
Q

Anti-VEGF

A

Injections given intravitreal for wet age-related macular degeneration, not used for dry ARMD
Blocks VEGF which encourages new blood vessel formation
Can be used for diabetic retinopathy but too expensive hence, not cost effective (not licensed for NHS use)

48
Q

Ozurdex (intravitreal steroid implant injection)

A

Implant that gradual releases Dexamethasone (glucocorticoid) over time then implant dissolves
Reduces inflammation of retina and improves visual acuity
Uses: diabetic macular oedema, macular oedema (secondary to retinal vein occlusion), non-infectious uveitis

49
Q

Oxycontin

A

Opioid

50
Q

Gliclazide

A

Used for T2DM

SEs: hypoglycaemia

51
Q

Oxycodone

A

Opioid

52
Q

Oxynorm

A

Opioid

53
Q

Oramorph

A

Opioid

54
Q

Dutasteride

A

5α-reductase enzyme inhibitor

Used for benign prostatic hypertrophy

55
Q

Pramipexole

A

Dopamine agonist

SEs: compulsive behaviours (impulse control disorders in 10% of pts), dyskinesia

56
Q

Doxapram hydrochloride

A

Respiratory stimulator

Used for postoperative respiratory depression, and acute respiratory failure

57
Q

Serotonin toxicity/syndrome

A

Px: signs of excessive monoaminergic activity e.g., agitated, upper motor neurone signs in arms and leg (clonus), dilated pupils, hypertensive, profuse sweating

58
Q

Tolterodine

A

Immediate release antimuscarinic (anticholinergic)

Used for urge incontinence not controlled by bladder training

59
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Long-term use can cause lung fibrosis

60
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Blocks eNaC channels ((epithelial sodium channels found on apical membrane in kidney)

SE: due to exchange of sodium (in) for potassium (out) hyperkalaemia may result

61
Q

Amiloride

A

Used for oedema or to conserve potassium with another diuretic
MoA: Blocks eNaC channels (epithelial sodium channels found on apical membrane in kidney)

62
Q

Bendroflumethiazide

A

SE: normovolaemic hyponatraemia (develops over time)

63
Q

Demeclocycline

A

Tx for SIADH (if fluid restriction does not correct hyponatraemia)
Tetracycline antibiotic

64
Q

Drug induced lithium toxicity

A

ACEi
NSAIDs
Thiazide diuretics

65
Q

Terbinafine

A

Antifungal agent

66
Q

Yellow card scheme

A

Allows side effects and adverse events for medicines and vaccines to be reported to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)

Y5 (7 decks)

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