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Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

Typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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2
Q

Haloperidol

A

Typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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3
Q

Prochlorperazine

A

Typical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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4
Q

Aripiprazole

A

Atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic

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5
Q

Clozapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic/neuroleptic
Used for schizophrenia that is not responding to other antipsychotics
Improves negative symptoms of schizophrenia (apathy, paucity of speech)
SEs: QT prolongation, eosinophilia, speech impairment, agranulocytosis (↑ infection risk) hence, blood tests weekly for 18 weeks, then 2 weekly until one year, followed by monthly after a year

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6
Q

Olanzapine

A

Atypical (2nd gen.) antipsychotic/neuroleptic

Lower risk of extrapyramidal SEs

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7
Q

Quetiapine

A

Atypical (2nd gen.) antipsychotic/neuroleptic

Lower risk of extrapyramidal SEs

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8
Q

Risperidone

A

Atypical (2nd gen.) antipsychotic/neuroleptic

Lower risk of extrapyramidal SEs

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9
Q

Fluoxetine

A

SSRI antidepressant

AKA prozac

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10
Q

Citalopram

A

SSRI antidepressant

AKA cipramil

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11
Q

Sertraline

A

SSRI antidepressant

AKA Lustral

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12
Q

Paroxetine

A

SSRI antidepressant
AKA Seroxat
1st line for generalised anxiety disorder

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13
Q

Duloxetine

A

Selective Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant
AKA Cymbalta or Yentreve

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14
Q

Venlafaxine

A

Selective Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant
AKA Efexor
2nd line for generalised anxiety disorder

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15
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Noradrenaline and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NASSAs)

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16
Q

Amitriptyline

A

TCA
AKA Tryptizol
Excess can cause anticholinergic effects

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17
Q

Clomipramine

A

TCA

AKA Anafranil

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18
Q

Imipramine

A

TCA

AKA Tofranil

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19
Q

Lofepramine

A

TCA

AKA Gamanil

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20
Q

Nortriptyline

A

TCA

AKA Allegron

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21
Q

Tranycypromine

A

MAOIs

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22
Q

Phenelzine

A

MAOIs

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23
Q

Isocarboxazid

A

MAOIs

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24
Q

Depot antipsychotic injections (IM)

A

Aripiprazole 400mg every 4 weeks
Flupentixol decanoate 50-300mg every 2-4 weeks
Haloperidol decanoate 50-200mg every 4 weeks
Paliperidone palmitate 25-150mg every 4 weeks
Risperidone 25-50mg every 2 weeks
Zuclopenthixol decanoate 200-500mg every 1-4 weeks

Test dose given initially to check patient copes well with medication
Can reduce need for hospital admission by stabilising patient’s disorder

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25
Zopiclone
Short term use for insomnia (z-drug) - non-benzodiazepine Dose: 7.5mg OD at bedtime max. 4 weeks Half dose for elderly SEs: dry mouth, bitter taste, addictive
26
Melatonin
Used short term for insomnia and jet lag 2mg OD for max. 13 weeks, taken 1-2hrs before bedtime SEs: arthralgia, ↑ infection risk
27
Zolpidem
Short term use for insomnia (z-drug) - non-benzodiazepine Dose: 10mg OD at bedtime Half dose for elderly
28
Clonazepam
Benzodiazepine | Anxiolytic & antiepileptic
29
Lorazepam
Benzodiazepine
30
Diazepam
Benzodiazepine
31
Metoclopramide
Anti-emetic | Avoid in bowel obstruction due to pro-kinetic effects
32
Senna
Stimulant laxative
33
Fybogel
Osmotic laxative | Draws water from surrounding tissue by osmosis to soften stool making it easier to pass out
34
Drugs that worsen Parkinson's
Prochlorperazine Promethazine Metoclopramide
35
Drug induced hyperkalaemia
``` Beta blockers ACEi ARBs Heparin NSAIDs Potassium sparing diuretics e.g. amiloride, spironolactone Potassium supplements Antibiotics e.g. amoxicillin ```
36
Drugs to avoid in pregnancy
Lisinopril (due to risk in 2nd and 3rd trimester)
37
OM
Omni mane | Every morning
38
ON
Omni nocte | Every evening
39
AC
Ante cibum | Before food
40
PC
Post cibum | After food
41
Darifenacin
Treatment for urinary incontinence due to an overactive bladder Anticholinergic medication Once daily preparation
42
Oxybutynin
Antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) Immediate release Urinary frequency treatment
43
Finasteride
Treatment for BPH | 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor
44
Tamsulosin
Alpha blocker | Treatment for BPH
45
Chloramphenicol 0.5% eye drops
Antibacterial
46
Prednisolone 0.5% eye drops
Used to reduce inflammation around optic nerve
47
Anti-VEGF
Injections given intravitreal for wet age-related macular degeneration, not used for dry ARMD Blocks VEGF which encourages new blood vessel formation Can be used for diabetic retinopathy but too expensive hence, not cost effective (not licensed for NHS use)
48
Ozurdex (intravitreal steroid implant injection)
Implant that gradual releases Dexamethasone (glucocorticoid) over time then implant dissolves Reduces inflammation of retina and improves visual acuity Uses: diabetic macular oedema, macular oedema (secondary to retinal vein occlusion), non-infectious uveitis
49
Oxycontin
Opioid
50
Gliclazide
Used for T2DM | SEs: hypoglycaemia
51
Oxycodone
Opioid
52
Oxynorm
Opioid
53
Oramorph
Opioid
54
Dutasteride
5α-reductase enzyme inhibitor | Used for benign prostatic hypertrophy
55
Pramipexole
Dopamine agonist | SEs: compulsive behaviours (impulse control disorders in 10% of pts), dyskinesia
56
Doxapram hydrochloride
Respiratory stimulator | Used for postoperative respiratory depression, and acute respiratory failure
57
Serotonin toxicity/syndrome
Px: signs of excessive monoaminergic activity e.g., agitated, upper motor neurone signs in arms and leg (clonus), dilated pupils, hypertensive, profuse sweating
58
Tolterodine
Immediate release antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) | Used for urge incontinence not controlled by bladder training
59
Nitrofurantoin
Long-term use can cause lung fibrosis
60
Trimethoprim
Blocks eNaC channels ((epithelial sodium channels found on apical membrane in kidney) SE: due to exchange of sodium (in) for potassium (out) hyperkalaemia may result
61
Amiloride
Used for oedema or to conserve potassium with another diuretic MoA: Blocks eNaC channels (epithelial sodium channels found on apical membrane in kidney)
62
Bendroflumethiazide
SE: normovolaemic hyponatraemia (develops over time)
63
Demeclocycline
Tx for SIADH (if fluid restriction does not correct hyponatraemia) Tetracycline antibiotic
64
Drug induced lithium toxicity
ACEi NSAIDs Thiazide diuretics
65
Terbinafine
Antifungal agent
66
Yellow card scheme
Allows side effects and adverse events for medicines and vaccines to be reported to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)

Y5 (7 decks)

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