drug therapy for tx of infection pt3 viral/ viruses Flashcards
drug therapy for viral infection
vaccines and antiviral agents
viruses can cause variety of symptoms such as
warts, common cold, flu, chickenpox, covid19, measles, mumps, monkeypox, HIV, HPV, hepatitis
viruses are
intracellular so they must be able to enter the host cell to cause damage
viral viruses will normally
go away on own, antibiotic do not treat viral only bacterial
common symptoms of viruses and viral infections
fever, headache, cough, malaise, muscle aches, N,V,D, insomnia, photophobia
herpes viruses
herpes simplex (cold sores HSV-1, genital sores HSV-2), chickenpox (herpes varicella), shingles (herpes zoster), cytomegalovirus (CMV)
drugs for herpesvirus infections (antivirals): herpes simplex & varicella-zoster
topicals: docosanol (OTC), penciclovir, trifluridine/ systemics (stop help the spread): famciclovir, acyclovir, valacyclovir / prevents viral replication (does not cure/ less time in-between outbreaks)
drugs for herpesvirus infections (antivirals): herpes simplex & varicella-zoster (FAV): adverse effects
CNS effects (malaise & fatigue), bone marrow suppression (anemia), skin effects (rash bc decrease in platelets), renal effects (hemolytic uremic)
drugs for herpesvirus infections (antivirals): herpes simplex & varicella-zoster: cautions
renal dysfunction, CNS disorders, use caution in neonates/ infants & children
hemolytic uremic syndrome symptoms
pallor, fatigue, blood in urine & stool
pt education on drugs for herpesvirus infections (antivirals): herpes simplex & varicella-zoster (FAV):
tx of initial infection is longer than recurrence/ herpes is never cured and can spread even when dormant
cytomegalovirus affects the
eyes (blurry), respiratory tract, liver (hepatitis)
cytomegalovirus seen in
pts that are immunocompromised (common in HIV pts)
drugs for cytomegalovirus
ganciclovir (PO, IV, topical)
nursing considerations when using ganciclovir
monitor BUN/ creatinine, CBC/ pregnancy test before and 3 months after
adverse effects of ganciclovir
CNS (fever, chills) / Skin (itching from head to toe)/ Renal effects (increase of BUN & creatinine), black box warning (cause bone marrow suppression & causes birth defects)
contraindication for glanciclovir
pregnancy/ lactating, bone marrow suppression (leading to anemias)/(pts receiving chemo), renal dysfunction
drugs for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)/ influenza (flu) examples
oseltamivir (tamiflu) for flu (give in the first 48 hours), ribavirin (RSV)
black box warning for ribavirin
tetrogenic (if trying to get pregnant or are pregnant, you can not be in the room with the child receiving treatment)
drugs to treat Hep B
nucleoside analogs: black box warning causing lactic acidosis & hepatomegaly (liver in enlarged with fatty deposits) RUQ pain & jaundice
adverse effects of drugs to treat Heb B
black box warning causing lactic acidosis & hepatomegaly (liver in enlarged with fatty deposits) RUQ pain & jaundice, pancreatitis, fever, vomiting, tachycardia
drugs to treat Heb C
pegylated interferon
HIV attacks
T cells & immune cells (CD4 specific cells)
drugs to treat HIV
antiretroviral treatment (ART)
