drug therapy for the treatment of infection - part 2 Flashcards
macrolides
Erythromycin
Azithromycin (Z pack)
BOX WARNING: use with caution in pts with liver disease - can cause hepatotoxicity
Numerous drug interactions: Warfarin and Digoxin
Do not use if patient is on fluconazole and/or diltiazem - cardiac arrest!
not a macrolide
clindamyacin
Black Box Warning:
Fatal pseudomembranous colitis
lipoglycopeptides
vancomycin
- nephrotoxic
- trough before 4th dose
- narrow TI
- IV is vesicant/irritant
- if given too quickly: red man syndrome
lipoglycopeptides
linezolid
Not for long term therapy - because it can cause bone marrow suppression
Black box warning: antidepressants
SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAOIs
Interferes with breakdown of serotonin and causes increase in serotonin - can cause serotonin syndrome!
chloramphenicol
Black Box Warning:
Hospitalization recommended - can cause anemias
careful when given with statins
sulfonamides
hypersensitivty common reaction
skin photosensitivty
steven johnson syndrome
tetracycline
tetracycline
doxycycline
minocycline
**Administer on empty stomach with lots of water!
**Remain upright for minimum of 30 minutes
Throw outdated medications away! - can cause renal failure
- Many drug and food interactions:
- iron, dairy, antacids
- enhance dig effects
- anticoagulants
Permanent discoloration of teeth
Harm bone growth
Photosensitivity rash - bad sunburn
clinical manifestations of Tb
weight loss
night sweats
hemoptysis
drug therapy for Tb
o First –line of anti-TB drugs used in combination therapy
o Izoniazid (INH)
o Rifampin (RIF)
o Ethambutol (EMB)
o Pyrazinamide (PZA)
isoniazid (INH)
black box: liver toxicity
peripheral neuropathy
liver disfunction - give B6
rifampin
skin, urine, sweat turns yellow/orange
pyrazinamide (PZA)
hyperuricemia
must finish gout meds first
ethambutol
optic neuritis (cannot distinguish red from green)
