Drug Routes Flashcards
What are routes of administration?
Intraosseous
Intravenous
Inhalation
Sublingual
IM
Sub Q
Rectal
Oral
Buccal
Topical
How long do IV drugs take to act?
30-60 seconds
How long do inhaled drugs take to act?
2-3 minutes
How long do sublingual drugs take to act?
3-5 minutes
How long do IM drugs take to act?
10-20 minutes
How long do sub q drugs take to act?
15-30 minutes
How long do oral drugs take to act?
30-90 minutes
What are the sites for sub q administrations?
We prefer:
* Upper arms
* Anterior thighs
Others may use:
* Abdomen
How much volume can be given SC?
1 ml or less.
What are the sites for IM injection?
We prefer:
* Vastus lateralis muscle (lateral thigh)
* Gluteal area (Buttock)
* Deltoid muscle
Others may use:
* Rectus femoris muscle
What are enteral drugs?
Any drugs that enter the body via the Gastrointestinal tract
What are parenteral drugs?
Drugs by any route other than the gastrointestinal tract.
Absorbed into the central circulation more quickly and at a more predictable rate
For a single dose from a vial, should you draw up the exact amount you will need or the entirety of the vial?
Draw up the entirety of the vial, waste the uneeded drug into the sharps.
For multiple doses from vials, should you draw up the whole vial at once?
No, draw up the amount needed for each dose instead of opening a new vial each time.
What is the Z-Track method?
For IM.
The method of moving the skin slightly, injecting the mediation, then removing the needle. This prevents any of the medication from leaking out.
What is aspiration (IM)?
The action of pulling back on the plunger prior to injecting the medication to ensure the needle is in the muscle and not a blood vessel. If blood is aspirated, remove the needle and start the procedure over with all new equipment.
What is the minimum amount of fluid needed to nebulize?
2.5mls
What O2 setting is needed to achieve a mist when nebulizing?
6-8 lpm
What is the max vol/nare for IN med admin?
1 ml per nare.
What length needle is used for SC injections?
5/8”
How is the needle held for a SC injection?
At a 45 degree angle, with the bevel facing up.
