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Drug Resources Flashcards

1
Q

Package inserts (PIs):
1. What info is found in PIs?
2. Where can PIs be accessed?
3. Who approves PIs?

A
  1. -Recent major changes/dates
    -Indications, usages, dosing, ROAs
    -MOA, pharmacology
    -AVEs, Warnings, CIs, BBW
    -DDIs
    -Overdose/toxicology
    -Use in specific populations
    -Drug abuse/dependence
    -Others: inactive ingredients, PK/PD, clinical studies, how supplied, storage/handling, pt counseling information

2.
-Online: DailyMed (NLM), Drugs@FDA, Drug Manufacturer’s website
-Printed: attached to box/bottle of product

  1. FDA
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2
Q

Resources with drug monographs for general drug information:
-Which ones are free?
-What are the resources drug monographs use?

A

Drug monographs are based on package inserts and other sources such as new clinical studies

Not-paid: Drugs.com, RxList

Drug monograph databases (contain additional information such as IV drug compatibility, drug class comparisons, natural products, drug identification, and international drug names):
-Clinical Pharmacology
-Facts and Comparisons
-Lexicomp
-Micromedex

American Hospital Formulary Service (AHFS): have lots of supporting evidence and references

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3
Q

What is the Pharmacist’s Letter?

A

Monthly newsletter for subscribers with short summaries on new or updated drug information with additional tools such as:
-New drug approvals, withdrawals
-New dosage forms, first-time generics
-Charts (drug class comparisons, disease-state TX summaries)
-Pt education summaries and flyers
-Continuing education (CE)
-Training materials for technicians and interns

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4
Q

What information does the follow resource provide: AHFS/AHFS CDI

**off-label uses, IV drug compatibility, drug/pill identification, natural products, drug class comparisons, pricing, and international drug names?

A

AHFS = American Hospital Formulary Service

-Off label uses
-IV drug compatibility
-International drug names

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5
Q

What information does the follow resource provide: Clinical Pharmacology

**off-label uses, IV drug compatibility, drug/pill identification, natural products, drug class comparisons, pricing, and international drug names?

A

Everything listed:
-Off-label uses
-IV drug compatibility
-Drug/pill identification
-Natural products
-Drug class comparisons
-Pricing
-International drug names

Everything

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6
Q

What information does the follow resource provide: Epocrates and Epocrates +

**off-label uses, IV drug compatibility, drug/pill identification, natural products, drug class comparisons, pricing, and international drug names?

A

Epocrates:
-Off-label uses
-Drug/pill identification
-Natural products
-Drug class comparisons
-Pricing

Epocrates +: specifically has natural products information

Everything, but IV drug compatibility and international drug names

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7
Q

What information does the follow resource provide: Facts and Comparisons

**off-label uses, IV drug compatibility, drug/pill identification, natural products, drug class comparisons, pricing, and international drug names?

A

-Off-label uses
-IV drug compatibility
-Drug/pill identification
-Natural products
-Drug class comparisons
-International drug names

Everything, but pricing

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8
Q

What information does the follow resource provide: Drugs.com

**off-label uses, IV drug compatibility, drug/pill identification, natural products, drug class comparisons, pricing, and international drug names?

A

-Off-label uses
-Drug/pill identification
-Natural products
-Drug class comparisons
-Pricing
-International drug names

Everything, but IV drug compatibility

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9
Q

What information does the follow resource provide: Lexicomp/Micromedex

**off-label uses, IV drug compatibility, drug/pill identification, natural products, drug class comparisons, pricing, and international drug names?

A

-Off-label uses
-IV drug compatibility
-Drug/pill identification
-Natural products
-Drug class comparisons
-Pricing
-International drug names

Everything

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10
Q

What information does the follow resource provide: mobilePDR

**off-label uses, IV drug compatibility, drug/pill identification, natural products, drug class comparisons, pricing, and international drug names?

A

ONLY provides drug/pill identification and drug class comparisons

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11
Q

Guidelines for: Anticoagulation

A

American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST guidelines)

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12
Q

Guidelines for: CV diseases (CVD)

A

American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association (ACC/AHA)

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13
Q

Guidelines for: Diabetes mellitus (DM)

A
  1. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE)
  2. American Diabetes Association (ADA)
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14
Q

Guidelines for: Infectious disease

A
  1. Infectious Disease Society of American (IDSA)
  2. HIV/AIDs: US Dept. of Health and Human Services (clinicalinfo.hiv/gov)
  3. STIs: Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
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15
Q

Guidelines for: Oncology

A
  1. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
  2. National Comprehensive Cancer Care Network (NCCN)
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16
Q

Guidelines for: Pediatrics

A

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)

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17
Q

Guidelines for: Pregnancy / Women’s Health

A

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)

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18
Q

Guidelines for: Psychiatric diseases

A

American Psychiatric Association (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manner of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5)

19
Q

Guidelines for: Asthma

A

Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA)

20
Q

Guidelines for: COPD

A

Global Initiative for COPD (GOLD)

21
Q

Guidelines for: Renal

A

Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO)

22
Q

Guidelines for: Vaccines

A
  1. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
  2. Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
23
Q

Where to search for reported adverse reactions or where to report?

A

FDAable: FDA searchable database of adverse reactions caused by medicines, vaccines, devices, tobacco products, or dietary supplements

MedWatch: FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)

Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)

24
Q

Compound and Pharmaceutics References

A
  1. Allen’s The Art, Science, and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding
  2. Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
  3. Merck Index (online databese for chemicals, drugs, biologics)
  4. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy
  5. USP: 795 for non-sterile, 797 for sterile, 800 for hazardous, and NF for monogrpahs/dosage forms/compounded preparations and excipients
25
Q

Geriatrics: drug resources

A
  1. Geriatric Lexi-Drugs (Lexicomp)
  2. American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults
26
Q

Where to look for drug shortages?

A
  1. FDA Drug Shortages
  2. ASHP Current Drug Shortages
  3. CDC Current Vaccine Shortages and Delays
  4. American Hospital Formulary Service Clinical Drug Information (AHFS CDI)
27
Q

Where to look for travel medicine?

A
  1. World Health Organization (WHO)
  2. CDC: yellow book (for international travel) and traveler’s health for travelers and healthcare professionals
28
Q

Where to look for international drug information?

A
  1. Index Nominum: international drug directory
  2. Martindale: The complete drug reference (databases can often reference this)
29
Q

What is NIOSH?

A

List of antineoplastic (chemotherapy) or other hazardous drugs in healthcare settings that require careful handling

30
Q

Where to look for IV drug compatibility and stability?

A
  1. ASHP’s Handbook on Injectable Drugs
  2. King Guide to parenteral admixtures
  3. Trissel’s 2 Clinical Pharmaceutics databases (often referenced w/ other databases)
31
Q

Where to look for information on natural products/alternative medicine?

A
  1. NatMed (previously Natural Medicines)
  2. Dietary supplements label database (NIH)
  3. USP dietary supplements compendium
32
Q

Where to look for information on pediatrics?

A
  1. NeoFax and Pediatrics (Micromedex)
  2. Pediatric and Neonatal Lexi-Drugs (Lexicomp)
  3. Red Book
  4. The Harriet Lane Handbook
  5. American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
  6. Pediatric Pharmacy Association (PPA) Key Potentially Inappropriate Drugs in Pediatrics: the KIDS list
33
Q

Where to look for information on pregnancy and lactation?

A
  1. Brigg’s Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation
  2. CDC: Medications during Pregnancy/Lactation
  3. Hale’s Medications and Mother’s Milk
  4. LactMed (NLM)
34
Q

Where to look for investigational drugs or regulatory/business development?

A
  1. Investigational drugs: Clinicaltrials.gov (NIH)
  2. Regulatory/business: FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Pink Sheet
35
Q

What is the: orange book?

A

From FDA - list of approved substitutions between brands and generics

36
Q

What is the: pink book?

A

From CDC - epidemiology and vaccine-preventable diseases

37
Q

What is the: pink sheet?

A

From Pharma Intelligence - new reports on regulatory, legislative, legal , or business developments

38
Q

What is the: purple book?

A

From FDA - biological products and biosimilars

39
Q

What is the: red book, pharmacy?

A

Drug pricing information

40
Q

What is the: red book, pediatrics?

A

From AAP - summary of infectious diseases and TX/vaccines

41
Q

What is the: yellow book?

A

From CDC - for traveler’s

42
Q

What is the: green book?

A

From FDA - animal drug products

43
Q

What is PubMed and Cochrane Library?

A

PubMed: accesses MEDLINE (journal articles in medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, etc.) that is free from NLM

Cochrane Library: provides evidence-based information to guide clinical decision making
-Do lots of systematic reviews and meta analysis

44
Q

What are resources for patients?

A
  1. CDC - vaccines, infectious disease, traveling
  2. Drugs.com and RxList - drug monograph information
  3. Mayo Clinic - summary of diseases, symptoms, tests, and treatment
  4. MedlinePlus - from NLM, sections on health topics, drugs. health-related videos, labs, images
  5. WebMD - diseases, healthly living, pregnancy, Rx and OTC drug info, PLUS HAS PILL IDENTIFIER and INTERACTION CHECKER

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