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z_MS_Primers for Exam 4 > Drug List for Exam 4 > Flashcards

Drug List for Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is albumin?

A

• Albumin is a protein made by your liver.

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2
Q

What does albumin do?

A

• Albumin helps keep fluid in your bloodstream, so it doesn’t leak into other tissues

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3
Q

What do low albumin levels indicate?

A

• A problem with your liver or kidneys.

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4
Q

What is albumin used to treat?

A
  • Used to treat or prevent shock following serious injury, bleeding, surgery, or burns by increasing the volume of blood plasma by drawing it from the interstitial space into the intravascular
  • This medicine can also replace low blood protein
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5
Q

Daunorubicin is an anthracycline chemo (anticancer) drug that can cause

A

• Cardiotoxicity

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6
Q

Daunorubicin (chemo drug) class?

A
  • Antineoplastic agent

* Anthracycline (chemo drug)

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7
Q

Daunorubicin (Chemo drug) sfx?

A
  • Cardiotoxicity
  • Extravasation
  • Myelosuppression
  • Alopecia
  • Diarrhea
  • Loss of appetite
  • N/V
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8
Q

Ferrous sulphate: Class and dosage info.

A
  • Class: Iron supplement

* Dosage: 150-200mg 2/3 x’s daily

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9
Q

What are the sfx of ferrous sulphate?

A
  • Constipation/diarrhea
  • Black stools
  • Nausea
  • Heartburn, abdominal/epigastric pain
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10
Q

How is ferrous sulphate best absorbed?

A

• When take with orange juice

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11
Q

When should ferrous sulphate be taken in relation to meals?

A

• Should be taken 1hr before meals

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12
Q

Many individuals who need supplemental iron cannot tolerate ferrous sulphate because of the effects of the sulphate base. What is an acceptable substitute?

A

• ferrous gluconate

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13
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin) class?

A
  • Anticonvulsant

* Neuropathic Pain Agent

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14
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin) use?

A
  • To help manage certain epileptic seizures and

* Relieve neuropathic pain for some conditions, such as shingles

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15
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin) patient edu?

A
  • Do not discontinue medication quickly after long-term use, withdrawal-precipitated seizures may occur
  • Do not double dose; if dose is missed, take if 2 hr or more before next dose
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16
Q

Heparin: Class?

A

• Anticoag

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17
Q

Heparin: Method of Action

A

• Prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and prothrombin to thrombin

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18
Q

Heparin: Use

A
  • Prevention of MI
  • DIC
  • A-Fib
  • Dialysis
  • Maintain patency of indwelling venipuncture devices
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19
Q

Heparin: Adverse effect

A

• Anything bleeding and anticlotting

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20
Q

Heparin: Contraindications

A

• Allergy to corn or pork

21
Q

Heparin: Antidote?

A

• Protamine sulfate

22
Q

Heparin: What clotting measurement is used?

A

• PTT

23
Q

Leucovorin: Class?

A

• Methotrexate rescue

24
Q

What is Leucovorin?

A

• A reduced folic acid

25
Q

Leucovorin: Use?

A
  • in combination with other chemotherapy drugs to enhance effectiveness
  • Megaloblastic or macrocytic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency
  • Overdose of folic acid antagonist
  • Methotrexate toxicity
26
Q

Luteinizing Hormone: What does it do to males?

A

• Causes the testicles to make testosterone, which is important for producing sperm.

27
Q

How do we want to affect Luteinizing Hormone w/ prostate cancer?

A

• Lower it w/ drugs that prohibit its receptors

28
Q

What is the effect of LH hormonal therapy for prostate cancer?

A

• Lowers LH and testosterone

29
Q

Side effects of LH hormonal therapy for prostate cancer?

A
  • Hot flashes,
  • Gynecomastia
  • Loss of libido
  • ED
30
Q

What drugs interfere with the absorption of folic acid?

A
  • Methotrexate (antineoplastic agent used to treat leukemia and other cancers)
  • Antiseizure drugs (phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin))
31
Q

Methotrexate: Class

A
  • Antineoplastic

* Folic acid antagonist

32
Q

Methotrexate: Action

A
  • Inhibits an enzyme that reduces folic acid

* Immunosuppressive

33
Q

Methotrexate: Use

A
  • It can treat cancer of the blood, bone, lung, breast, head, and neck.
  • It can also treat rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.
34
Q

How do you reverse methotrexate toxicity?

A

• Leucovorin rescue must be started within 24 to 48 hours of methotrexate initiation, or within 24 hours of completion

35
Q

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is what type of drug and how does it treat breast cancer?

A
  • It is an anti-estrogen

* By blocking estrogen, it starves the tumor of it and the tumor shrinks

36
Q

Tamoxifen: Class?

A
  • Antineoplastic

* Antiestrogen

37
Q

Tamoxifen: Action

A

• Inhibits DNA synthesis

38
Q

Tamoxifen: Therapeutic Outcome

A

• Prevention of rapidly growing malignant cells

39
Q

Tamoxifen: Contraindication

A

• Pregnancy, breastfeeding

40
Q

Tamoxifen: hematological sfx?

A
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Leukopenia
  • Deep vein thrombosis
41
Q

When starting Tamoxifen, what nursing assessments should be done?

A
  • Assess for tumor flare: increase in bone, tumor pain during beginning treatment; give analgesics as ordered to decrease pain
  • Severe allergic reactions: Rash, pruritus, urticaria, purpuric skin lesions, itching, flushing
42
Q

What is vitamin K the antidote for?

A

• Warfarin

43
Q

Vitamin K is a

A

• Clotting factor

44
Q

Warfarin: Class

A

• Anticoag

45
Q

Does Warfarin affect PT or PTT?

A

• PT/INR

46
Q

Warfarin: Action

A
  • Interferes with blood clotting by indirect means

* Depresses hepatic synthesis of vit K–dependent coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X)

47
Q

Warfarin: Therapeutic outcome

A

• Prevention of clotting or pulmonary embolism

48
Q

Warfarin: Contraindications

A

• Pregnancy, any condition that promotes bleeding

z_MS_Primers for Exam 4 (18 decks)

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