Drug Excretion

Question 1

The irreversible elimination of unchanged parent drugs or their metabolites from the body via various organs of excretion is called?

Answer 1

Drug excretion

Question 2

Mention 7 organs of excretion

Answer 2

Skin
Hair
Breast
Kidneys
Intestine
Eyes
Tongue
Lungs

Question 3

Examples of drugs excreted via the Large intestine are?

Answer 3

Vincristine, vancomycin

Question 4

Examples of drugs excreted via the tongue are?

Answer 4

Phenytoin
Diazepam
Lithium
Caffeine
Theophylline

Question 5

Examples of drugs excreted via the eyes?

Answer 5

Cytarabine

Question 6

Variations in tear pH affects movements of unbound drugs between plasma and tear. T/F

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Excretion by the tongue and eyes occur through what mode of molecule movements?

Answer 7

Passive diffusion

Question 8

Examples of drugs/ substances excreted via the skin?

Answer 8

Antipyrine
Alcohol
Benzoic acid
Cocaine
Salicyclic acid
Lead
Mercury

Question 9

Examples of drugs excreted via the breast?

Answer 9

Aspirin

Question 10

Examples of drugs excreted via the hair?

Answer 10

Phenobarbital, methoxyphemenamine methamphetamine

Question 11

Functional unit of the kidney?
What’s it made up of?

Answer 11

Nephron
Glomerulus and tubules

Question 12

Renal excretion equals?

Answer 12

Glomerular filtration—tubular reabsorption +tubular secretion

Question 13

Small molecules less that 30000 can be filtered such as water, sugar, salt, unbound drugs via pores at the base of the glomerulus

Answer 13

False! It’s less than 20000. The other statements are correct

Question 14

How does tubular reabsorption occur?

Answer 14

Passive diffusion from tubules to peri tubular capillaries. Requires lipid solubility

Question 15

Tubular secretion occurs how?

Answer 15

Carrier mediation, independent of size not protein binding

Question 16

Tubular secretion excretes most drugs(80%). T/F?
Occurs where

Answer 16

T
Proximal and distal convoluted tubules

Question 17

What happens to drugs with high molecular weight such as heparin, albumin

Answer 17

They are not excreted by GF

Question 18

Water, soluble drugs and other soluble lipid substances are reabsorbed where and how?

Answer 18

Distal CT
by diffusion across renal tubule into the blood stream

Question 19

Water and lipid soluble substances are readily excreted via the urine. T/F

Answer 19

F. Poorly excreted

Question 20

The volume of plasma containing the amount of substance that is excreted by the kidney per unit time is known as ?

Answer 20

Renal clearance

Question 21

Formulae for CLr?

Answer 21

CLr=Cu/Cp x Vu

Question 22

What are the two types of half life?

Answer 22

Biological and plasma t1/2

Question 23

What is biological t1/2

Answer 23

It is the time taken to lose half of its physiological, pharmacological or radioactive activity

Question 24

What is plasma t1/2

Answer 24

The time taken for the plasma conc of a drug to be reduced to half

Question 25

Plasma t1/2 administration on noradrenaline is how long?

Answer 25

2 mins

Question 26

Plasma t1/2 administration on methadone is how long?

Answer 26

15hrs

Question 27

Plasma t1/2 administration on fluoxetine is how long?

Answer 27

6 days