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Drug Classifications P2 Flashcards

1
Q

Desired Effect of Antiinflammatory Agents

A

Reduce inflammation

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2
Q

Examples of Antiinflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)

A

1) ibuprofen (ex. Advil, Motrin)
2) naproxen (ex. Naprosyn)
3) celecoxib (ex. Celebrex)
4) indomethacin (ex. Indocin)

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3
Q

Examples of Antiinflammatory Agents (SAIDs)

A

1) dexamethasone (ex. Decadron)
2) prednisone (ex. Cortisone)
3) methylprednisolone (ex. Medrol, Depo-Medrol)
4) montelukast sodium (ex. Singulair)
5) fluticasone propionate (ex. Flonase)
6) mometasone (ex. Nasonex)

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4
Q

Examples of Antiinflammatory Agents (Inhalers)

A

1) flunisolide (ex. AeroBid)

2) triamcinolone (ex. Azmacort)

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5
Q

Indications for Use of Antiinflammatory Agents

A

Treat arthritis and other inflammatory disorders, including asthma and allergic rhinitis

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6
Q

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antiinflammatory Agents

A
  • GI upset
  • GI bleeding
  • hepatitis
  • drowsiness
  • tinnitus
  • irregular heart rate
  • kidney disorders
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7
Q

Desired Effect of Antimigraine Agents

A

Alter circulation to the brain

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8
Q

Examples of Antimigraine Agents

A

1) topiramate (ex. Topamax)
2) sumatriptan (ex. Imitrex)
3) zolmitriptan (ex. Zomig)

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9
Q

Indications for Use of Antimigraine Agents

A

Treatment or prevention of migraine headaches

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10
Q

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antimigraine Agents

A
  • confusion
  • psychomotor slowing
  • difficulty concentrating
  • memory problems
  • rare but serious cardiac events
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11
Q

Desired Effects of Antineoplastics

A

Inhibit development of and destroy cancerous cells

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12
Q

Examples of Antineoplastics

A

1) hydroxyurea (ex. Hydrea)
2) cyclophosphamide (ex. Cytoxan)
3) chlorambucil (ex. Leukeran)
4) raloxifene (ex. Evista)

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13
Q

Indications for Use of Antineoplastics

A

Cancer chemotherapy and/or prevention

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14
Q

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antineoplastics

A
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • bone marrow depression
  • aplastic anemia
  • hair loss
  • GI ulcers
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15
Q

Desired Effect of Antipsychotics

A

Alter chemical actions in the brain

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16
Q

Examples of Antipsychotics

A

1) quetiapine (ex. Seroquel)
2) risperidone (ex. Risperdal)
3) aripiprazole (ex. Abilify)
4) olanzapine (ex. Zyprexa)
5) chlorpromazine (ex. Thorazine)
6) haloperidol (ex. Haldol)

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17
Q

Indications for Use of Antipsychotics

A

Treat the symptoms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

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18
Q

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antipsychotics

A
  • GI distress
  • hypotension
  • electrocardiographic (ECG) changes
  • vertigo
  • sedation
  • headache
  • photosensitivity
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19
Q

Desired Effect of Antipruritics

A

Relieve itching

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20
Q

Examples of Antipruritics

A

1) calamine lotion
2) hydrocortisone ointment
3) diphenhydramine (ex. Benadryl)

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21
Q

Indications for Use of Antipruritics

A

Treat allergies or topical exposures that cause itching

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22
Q

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antipruritics

A
  • Topical agents have no side effects *
  • Benadryl can cause:
  • vertigo
  • sedation
  • nervousness
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23
Q

Desired Effect of Antipyretics

A

Lower body temperature

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24
Q

Examples of Antipyretics

A

1) aspirin
2) acetaminophen
3) ibuprofen

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25
Indications for Use of Antipyretics
Reduce fever
26
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antipyretics
- GI disturbance - liver disease * with aspirin, possibility of Reye’s syndrome if given during or after a viral disease *
27
Desired Effects of Antispasmodics
Relieve or prevent spasms from musculoskeletal injury or inflammation
28
Examples of Antispasmodics
1) methocarbamol (ex. Robaxin) 2) carisoprodol (ex. Soma) 3) cyclobenzaprine (ex. Flexeril)
29
Indications for Use of Antispasmodics
Treat sports injuries
30
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antispasmodics
- CNS suppression - drowsiness - vertigo
31
Desired Effect of Antitussives
Inhibit the cough center
32
Examples of Antitussives (Narcotic)
1) codeine sulfate
33
Examples of Antitussives (Nonnarcotic)
- dextromethorphan (ex. Robitussin DM)
34
Indications for Use of Antitussives
1) Temporarily suppress a nonproductive cough | 2) Reduce the thickness of secretions
35
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antitussives
* Codeine cough suppressants cause: - CNS depression - constipation
36
Desired Effects of Antiviral Agents
Inhibit the growth or reduce the spread of viral cells
37
Examples of Antiviral Agents
1) interferon beta-1a (ex. Avonex) 2) sofosbuvir (ex. Sovaldi) 3) dimethyl fumarate (ex. Tecfidera) 4) acyclovir (ex. Zovirax) 5) interferon 6) valacyclovir (ex. Valtrex) 7) oseltamivir (ex. Tamiflu) 8) famciclovir (ex. Famvir)
38
Examples of Antiviral Agents (HIV medications)
1) efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir (Atripla) 2) emtricitabine and tenofovir (Truvada) 3) darunavir (Prezista)
39
Indications for Use of Antiviral Agents
Treat viral infections, including oral and genital herpes, influenza, and HIV
40
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Antiviral Agents
- confusion - diarrhea - headache - kidney disease - urticaria (hives) - vomiting
41
Desired Effect of Bronchodilators
Relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi
42
Examples of Bronchodilators
1) theophylline (ex. Theo-Dur) 2) epinephrine (ex. Adrenalin) 3) albuterol (ex. Ventolin HFA, Proventil, ProAir HFA) 4) budesonide and formoterol (ex. Symbicort) 5) isoproterenol (ex. Isuprel)
43
Indications for Use of Bronchodilators
1) Treat asthma, bronchospasm | 2) Promote bronchodilation
44
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Bronchodilators
- CNS stimulation - tremors - tachycardia - increased blood glucose level - elevated BP
45
Desired Effect of Cathartics (Laxatives)
Increase peristaltic activity of the large intestine
46
Examples of Cathartics
1) magnesium hydroxide (ex. Milk of Magnesia) 2) bisacodyl (ex. Dulcolax) 3) casanthranol (ex. Peri-Colace)
47
Indications for Use of Cathartics
Increase and hasten bowel evacuation (defecation)
48
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Cathartics
- nausea - bloating - flatulence - cramping
49
Desired Effects of Central Nervous System (CNS) Stimulants
Affect chemicals in the brain that contribute to hyperactivity and impulse control
50
Examples of CNS Stimulants
1) methylphenidate (ex. Concerta, Ritalin) 2) modafinil (ex. Provigil) 3) lisdexamfetamine (ex. Vyvanse)
51
Indications for Use of CNS Stimulants
Treat attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
52
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of CNS Stimulants
- irregular heartbeat - rash - sore throat - aggression - hypertension - numbness - fainting
53
Desired Effect of Contraceptives
Inhibit conception
54
Examples of Contraceptives
1) medroxyprogesterone acetate (ex. Depo-Provera) 2) Ortho Evra 3) etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol (ex. NuvaRing)
55
Indications for Use of Contraceptives
Prevent pregnancy
56
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Contraceptives
- breast enlargement and tenderness - cardiovascular risk - GI upset - headache - irregular menstrual bleeding - deep vein thrombosis (DVT) - pulmonary embolism (PE)
57
Desired Effect of Decongestants
Relieve local congestion in the tissues
58
Examples of Decongestants
1) ephedrine or phenylephrine (ex. Neo-Synephrine) 2) pseudoephedrine (ex. Sudafed) 3) oxymetazoline (ex. Afrin) 4) mometasone (ex. Nasonex)
59
Indications for Use of Decongestants
Relieve nasal and sinus congestion caused by common cold, hay fever, or upper respiratory tract disorders
60
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Decongestants
- arrhythmias - hypertension - headache - nausea - dry mouth
61
Desired Effects of Diuretics
1) Inhibit reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys 2) Promote excretion of excess fluid in the body
62
Examples of Diuretics
1) hydrochlorothiazide (ex. Dyazide, Esidrix, HydroDiuril) 2) furosemide (ex. Lasix) 3) triamterene (ex. Dyrenium)
63
Indications for Use of Diuretics
1) Increase urinary output | 2) Lower blood pressure
64
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions of Diuretics
- dehydration - muscle weakness - fatigue - gout - hyperglycemia

Pharmacology - Drug Classes (3 decks)

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