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Pt.2 PHRM/PHYS/NS > Drug cards for chapter 9 > Flashcards

Drug cards for chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the exemplar name for hydantoin?

A

phenytoin ( dilantin )

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2
Q

what is the MOA of hydantoin ?

A

inhibition of sodium channels, delays sodium channels from becoming active

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3
Q

indication for hydantoin

A

all types of seizures except for absence

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4
Q

what is MOST popular indication for hydantoin?

A

tonic clonic seizures

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5
Q

true or false. Dilantin is highly protein bound. Patients with low serum albumin levels will have increased effects of Dilantin. This means that there is more freely unbound active drug present in their body. They require lower drug levels of Dilantin.

A

true

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6
Q

what are some precautions and contraindications of hydantoin

A

teratogenic
depression and suicidal
renal liver and cardiac

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7
Q

true or false. dilantin is not used for long term

A

true

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8
Q

what are some adverse effects of hydantoin

A

nystagmus, suicidal thoughts, ataxia ( unsteady gait ), diplopia, can increase blood sugar ( rare )

gingival hyperplasia

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9
Q

true or false. IV phenytoin, can be mixed with dextrose, BUT NEVER with normal saline

A

false, its the other way around weirdo

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10
Q

true or false. it is important to monitor the IV closely when watching phenytoin? what can it caused

A

purple glove syndrome
administer it slowly

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11
Q

What is the exemplar of benzodiazepine?

A

lorazepam ( ativan )

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12
Q

MOA of benzo

A

potentiates GABA

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13
Q

what is the indication for benzo ? specially which type is it good for ?

A

seizures, and its good for status epilepticus

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14
Q

true or false. BENZO is known as a rescue med for seizures. this is not for long term.

A

true it is not for long term and it is used as a rescue med, its not used since it cna be addictive

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15
Q

what is the antidote for lorazepam

A

flumazenil

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16
Q

what is the exemplar name for barbiturates

A

phenobarbital ( ancalxilir )

17
Q

MOA of barbituates

A

produces cns depression, inhibits impulse transmission in the cns and raises seizures threshold.

18
Q

indication for barbiturates

A

seizures

19
Q

teratogenic can be seen in barbituates

A

yes

20
Q

what is the exemplar for anticonvulsant

A

carbamazepine ( tegretol )

21
Q

what is the MOA for anticonvulsant: carbamazepine ( tegretol )

A

Decreases synaptic transmission in the CNS by affecting sodium channels in neurons

22
Q

what is the indication for anticonvulsant: carbamazepine ( tegretol )

A

most seizures types, not absence seizures

23
Q

true or false. giving grapefruit with anticonvulsant: carbamazepine ( tegretol ), is safe.

A

false it is not = cause toxic levels of meds

24
Q

true or false. anticonvulsant: carbamazepine ( tegretol ) causes bone marrow suppression

A

true

25
Q

does anticonvulsant: carbamazepine ( tegretol cause neurologic side effects?

A

yes along with bone marrow suppression
teratogenic
water retention

26
Q

what is valproic acid

A

suppressess neuronal firing by blocking sodium channels

increases levels of gaba and suppresses calcium influx

27
Q

indication for valproic acid ( depakene )

A

treat all major seizure types

28
Q

what are the side effects of valproic acid ( depakene )

A

it has gi side effects ( it’s hard on the liver, and pancreatitis)

29
Q

anticonvulsant : gabapentin ( Neurontin ) what is the MOA

A

exact mechanism is unknown
increase gaba release

30
Q

inidication for anticonvulsant : gabapentin ( Neurontin )

A

partial seizures ( adjunctive therapy for seizures )

adjunctive - supportive role /never by itself with seizures

31
Q

anticonvulsants: gabapentin ( Neurontin ) what is one of the side effects

A

fall risks , other than that this is considered as a very safe medication

32
Q

what is anticonvulsant : levetiracetam ( keppra ) MOA

A

it is unknown

33
Q

indication for anticonvulsant : levetiracetam ( keppra )

A

all types seizures ( adjunct for partial seizures and generalized seizures )

34
Q

what is the side effect that is important for anticonvulsant : levetiracetam ( keppra )

A

renal injury

35
Q

anticonvulsant : topiramate MOA

A
  • Potentiates GABA
  • Blockage of sodium channels
  • Blockage of calcium channels
  • Blockage of glutamate receptors
36
Q

anticonvulsant : topiramate indication

A

Adjunctive therapy for partial and generalized seizures

37
Q

what is the side effect for anticonvulsant : topiramate indication

A

suicidal ideation - higher risk
anemia
hyperthermia ( decreased sweating along with it )
weight loss

Pt.2 PHRM/PHYS/NS (14 decks)

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