Drug B Flashcards
ACTH
Stimulates cortisol secretion by using a Gs -> adenylyl cyclase -> cAMP -> PKA pathway and increasing the StAR protein in the mitochondrial membrane for cholesterol influx
Activated Charcoal
Absorbs toxins by binding to them
Dexamethasone
acts similar to cortisol: binds to cytosolic receptors, dissociates heat shock proteins, and is transferred to the nucleus where it increases the transcription of factors that promote anti-inflammatory effects and gluconeogenesis; can also be used to induce partition
Famotidine (Pepcid)
competitive antagonist that binds to the histamine receptor on the ECF cells in the stomach; histamine stimulates H+ secretions by the parietal cells in the stomach
Fentanyl
An opioid agonist that binds to the mu receptor in the neuron to promote analgesic pain within the central nervous system
GnRH
synthetic analog of GnRH that causes the release of both FSH and LH
Insulin (Humalog, Humalin)
Synthetic analog that mimics insulin
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
Inhibits the CYP enzymes and it is used to treat hypercorticism; traditionally used as an anti fungal drug
L-deprinyl
Inhibits the monoamine oxidase that degrades dopamine within the brain; thought to cause negative inhibition of CRH through pars intermedia
Lactulose
Causes the ammonia trapping in the gut by acidifying the lumen and converting it to ammonium, thus increasing the removal from endogenous levels
Leviceteram (Keppra)
Prevents epileptic episodes through some unknown mechanism; it does not need liver for its metabolism
Maropitant (Cerenia)
Anti-emetic drug that prevents vomiting by inhibiting nuerokinin 1 neurotransmitter in the emetic center
Metoclopramide
Thought to be an anti-emetic drug through the antagonism of sere toning within the central nervous system and increase gut motility through sensitization of smooth muscle cells to acetylcholine
Mitotane (Lysodern)
Used to treat hyperadrenocorticism by destroying the zona fasciculata and reticularis to prevent the synthesis of androgens and glucocorticoids
PGF2a (Dynoprost)
Analog of PGF2a; has the same effects
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Prevents epileptic events by increasing the actions of the GABAb receptor and increasing the influx of Cl- ions within the neuron, thus hyperpolarizing them and decreasing action potentials in the central nervous system
Plasma-Lyte
isotonic fluid solution
Potassium Bromide (KBr)
Unclear mechanism, but thought to act on the neurons by competing with Cl ions and hyperpolarising the neuron
Prednisone
Same effects as dexmed
Propylene Glycol
Synthetic sugar given to ruminants that can bypass the microbial degradation in the rumen and be absorb by the ruminant duodenum
Thiamine (Vit B1)
Vitamin B that is given in the ruminal acidosis to prevent polyencephalomylecia
Trilostane (Vetoryl)
competitive antagonist of pregnenolone for the 11B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme; decreases the conversion of pregnenonlone to progesterone
Cobalamine (Vit 12)
Substrate required for normal cell growth function and reproduction; myelin synthesis and erythropoiesis as well as amino acid metabolism and nucleoprotein; needed for the usage of folate acid.
Vitamin K
Used to decarboxylate the following factors 2,7,9,10. Recycled by the liver through the following enzymes: gamma-carboxylase, epoxide reductase, vitamin K reductase
