Drug Analysis Flashcards
How many schedules
5
The general criteria
Potential for abuse, medical use, safety and dependence
the 8 factors that must be considered to schedule or remove a drug
potential for abuse, scientific knowledge of pharm effects, scientific knowledge of drug/cmpd, History and current pattern of abuse, scope and duration of abuse, public health risk, potential for abuse, if drug is a precursor to an already scheduled drugs
Purpose of the Analog Law
prevent the development and sale of “designer drugs,” which are substances that are created to mimic the effects of existing controlled substances, but have been modified slightly to avoid classification as a controlled substance. By allowing prosecution of these substances under the Analog Act, the law aims to discourage their production and distribution, and to protect public health and safety.
3 factors to consider to be determine as analog drug
Substantially similiar to an already scheduled 1 or 2 drug (look at MW and look at structure similiarity)
Same pharmalogical effects inteded for those pharmalogical effects
intended for human consumption
gross moroholigical characteristics of the marijuana leaf
Palmate and odd in number, serrated
Two types of hairs found on marijuana and microscopic
cytholithic– bear claw and sodium carb. and gradular–contains cannabinoids
two types of plants that have similar gross and microscopic characteristics
mint-gross
microscopic-mulberry
Two types of cannabinoids
delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol
Duquenois-Levine test
Hemp and Marijuana cannot be distinguished by appearance and odor
To perform the Duquenois-Levine test, a small sample of the substance suspected of containing cannabis is taken and mixed with a chemical reagent called Duquenois reagent. This reagent is typically composed of a mixture of vanillin, concentrated hydrochloric acid, and acetaldehyde, which reacts with the cannabinoids present in cannabis to produce a blue or purple color.
The mixture is then heated for a short period of time and allowed to cool. If the color of the mixture changes to blue or purple, it is indicative of the presence of cannabis.
4-AP test
Swiss, 4-aminophenol con.NaOH
THC-blue
CBD-pink
Four structural components of synthetic cannabinoids
Linker, linker group, tail, core
Side-chain of syntethic cannabionids are genrally how many carbons
5 to 9 carbons
Chain of custody
a) Chain of custody refers to the documentation that establishes a record of the control, transfer, and disposition of evidence.
b) Proper chain of custody documentation shows who handled the specimen and where the specimen was located at all times using “Z formation”
ii) Documents what, when and why
Quality control program
Is used to demostrate or evaulate whether the assay is operating within defined limits
detects false postiitve results
detects false negative
detects random or systematic errors
