Alcohol Flashcards
fermentation is a process in which one molecule of glucose will form 2 molecules of ethanol
Congeners
responsible for variable taste and aroma of alcoholic beverages
Grand Rapid Study
demonstrated that a blodd alcohol concentration of 0.08g% and above significantly increases the likelihood of causing a motor vehicle collision
Henry’s Law
a volatile substances in air above a liquid is proportional to the concentration of the volatile substances in the fluid
Blood to Breath partition ratio for alcohol is
2100:1
Significant disorientation, confusion, and fross impairement of muscular coordiation will occur in non-habitual individuals at a BAC of
0.20g%
Diplopia
Double vision at 0.05-0.06g%
Tolerance and the types
Ability of an organism to adapt
adaptive: behavior in order to appear less intoxicated
Physiological: increase metabolism of alcohol and change in sensitive to organ or system
Types of blackouts
enblock or complete: distinct beggining to end point
no memory, blocked long term
High BACS
Gray out fragmentary: most common varying BACS
memory can be recalled when prompted
Smith Four phase information processing model
see: see a situation unfold
Recognize: recognize the stimulus at a cognitive level
Decide: decide on what you are going to do
Perform: perform action at pyschomotor level
general trend toward impaired performance at BACs beginning around
0.015
Ficks law
rate is proportional to concentration gradient of alcohol across a membrane and to a diffusion coefficient that is a constant for ethyl alcohol and specific membrane
Time to peak alcohol concentration
Fasting .5 to 2 hours
non-fasting 1-3 hrs
directly proportional to size of meal and indirectly proportional to elapsed time from food intake
reduction of CP max 9-23%
Factors that affect absorption
Food, Concentration and Dose, Physiological and Drugs
What is a standard drink
beer 5% 12 oz
wine is 12% 5oz
Liquor is 80 proof and 1 1/12 oz
