drug abuse Flashcards
what is cocaine
very potent natural stimulant
monoamine reuptake inhibitor
crack = cocaine mixed with sodium bicarbonate and purified to form rocks
short term effect/’high’ of cocaine
stimulant and euphoriant anaesthetic effect hypersensitive to noises, light etc increased alertness/energy increased confidence impaired judgement lessens appetite lessens desire for sleep
serious/long term effects of cocaine
damage to nose and airways (vasoconstrictor) convulsions respiratory failure hypertension toxic confusion paranoid psychosis
cocaine withdrawal effects
depression irritability agitation craving hyperphagia hypersomnia
what are examples of opiates
opium morphine heroin methadone codeine dihydrocodeine
what is heroin
what are its effects
opioid agonist analgesia emotional analgesia euphoria pin point pupils itching/sweating constipation increased libido reduced cough reflex
features of heroin overdose
respiratory depression
bradycardia
hypotension
death
management of heroin overdose
naloxone
opiate side effects
nausea/vomiting headache phlebitis endocarditis anorexia constipation
symptoms of opiate withdrawal
craving insomnia yawning muscle pain/cramps increased salivary, nasal, lacrimal secretions dilated pupils piloerection
management of opiate overdose
naloxone
methadone
buprenorphine
naltrexone
what is cannabis
a mix of THC and CBD
THC - psychedelic/hallucinogenic
CBD - anxiolytic and antipsychotic
what are the physiological effects of cannabis
relaxing or stimulating euphoriant increased sociability increased appetite changes in time perception can cause anxiety, panic, hallucinatory activity in higher doses
risks of cannabis use
respiratory problems
toxic confusion
exacerbation of mental illness
cannabis psychosis
examples of stimulants
cocaine
amphetamine
methamphetamine
methylphenidate
