DRRR - 1ST SUMMATIVE Flashcards
is the potential for loss and damage caused by a hazardous
event or process. It is the combination of the severity of a threat and the vulnerability of the affected community or system.
DISASTER RISK
defined as “the combination of the
probability of an event and its
negative consequences” (UNISDR, 2009).
RISK
is the potential for negative
consequences where something of value is at stake, and the outcome is uncertain.
DISASTER RISK
refers to the potential (not actual and realized) disaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets, and services which could occur in a community or society over some specified future time period.
RISK
is the product of the possible damage caused by a hazard due to the vulnerability within a community. It should be noted that the effect of a hazard (of a particular magnitude) would affect communities differently (Von Kotze, 1999:35).
DISASTER RISK
Components of Disaster Risk
- HAZARDS
- EXPOSURE
- VULNERABILITY
Natural, technological, or human-induced events that have the potential to cause harm.
HAZARDS
The people, assets, systems,
or other elements present in
hazard zones that are thereby subject to potential losses.
EXPOSURE
The conditions determined by physical, social, economic, and
environmental factors or processes that increase the susceptibility
of an individual, a community, assets, or systems to the impacts of
hazards.
VULNERABILITY
- the “elements at risk from a natural or man-made hazard event (Quebral, 2016)
EXPOSURE
a potentially dangerous physical occurrence, phenomenon or human activity that may result in loss of
life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation.
HAZARD
the condition determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors or processes,
which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazard
VULNERABILITY
The following are also taken into consideration when risk factors underlying disaster are involved:
- SEVERITY OF EXPOSURE
- GENDER AND FAMILY
- AGE
which measures those who experience disaster first-hand which has the highest risk of developing future mental problems, followed by those in contact with the victims such as rescue workers and health care practitioners and the lowest risk are those most distant like those who have awareness of the disaster only through news.
SEVERITY OF EXPOSURE
- the female gender suffers more adverse effects. This worsens when children are present at home. Marital relationships are placed under strain.
GENDER AND FAMILY
adults in the age range of 40-60 are more stressed after disasters but in general, children exhibit more stress after disasters than adults do.
AGE
Factors that underlie disaster
- CLIMATE CHANGE
- ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
- GLOBALIZED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- POVERTY AND INEQUALITY
- POORLY PLANNED AND MANAGED URBAN DEVELOPMENT
- WEAK GOVERNANCE
can increase disaster risk in a variety of ways
– by altering the frequency and intensity of hazards events, affecting vulnerability to hazards, and changing exposure patterns.
CLIMATE CHANGE
means the alteration of the world’s climate that we humans are causing
such as burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and other practices
that increase the carbon footprint and concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
CLIMATE CHANGE
is the change that can be attributed “directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate
variability observed over comparable time periods”
CLIMATE CHANGE
- changes to the environment can influence the frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as our exposure and vulnerability to these
hazards.
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
Over consumption of natural resources results in ______ ________, reducing the effectiveness of essential ecosystem services, such as the mitigation of floods and landslides. This leads to increased risk from disasters, and in turn, natural hazards can further
degrade the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
It results in an increased polarization between the rich and poor on a global scale
GLOBALIZED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Currently increasing the exposure of assets in hazard prone areas, globalized economic development provides an opportunity to build
resilience if effectively managed.
GLOBALIZED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMEANT