Dr.raeed Flashcards
name the drugs that causes Gerd
nitroglycerine
calcium channel blockers
Diazepam
theophylline
TCA
Anticholinergics
a antagonists
name the drugs which is harmful to the esophegeal epithelium
tetracycline
NSAIDs
phosphate
name the drugs that elevate the motality of the inferior esophegeal sphincter
Metoclopramide
Domperidone
what are the indications of the surgical repairing to GERD
esophegeal stenosis
sever inflammation
deep ulcer
what are the GERD red flags
Odynophagia
unintentional weight loss (5kg in 6months)
GIT bleeding
what are the pulmonary symptoms if GERD
hoarsness
dry cough
pulmonary stenosis& inflammation
asthma
wheeze& bronchiospasm
what are the pulmonary symptoms if GERD
hoarsness
dry cough
pulmonary stenosis& inflammation
asthma
wheeze& bronchiospasm
what are the histological features of barrett’s esophagus
intestinal metaplasia & Goblet cells
symptoms of infectious esophegatitis
Dysphagia
Odynophagia
Bleeding
Fever
what are the causes of Granulomatus Esophagitis
tuberculosis & chron’s disease
syphlis
sarcoidosis
what are the complication of Esophagitis due to chemical injury
Bleeding
strictures
perforation
SCC
symptoms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
vomitting & epigastric pain
Dysphagia
heart burn may exist
liver tests in chronic liver inflammation
elevated Alt & Ast
bilirubin normal or slightly elevated
Alp normal or slightly elevated
Immunoglobulins are normal or slightly elevated
the first sign in echo incase of chronic inflammation of the liver
nodular enlargement in the hilum of the liver
Alt & Ast in chronic liver inflammation
Alt >Ast. chronic inflammation (early or middle stages)
Ast> Alt. late stages of the disease and the patient is about to have a cirrhosis
