drinking water distribution math Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of drinking water distribution systems?
To deliver safe and potable water to consumers.
True or False: The demand for drinking water is constant throughout the day.
False
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the total volume of water that a distribution system can supply.
water supply capacity
What is a common unit of measurement for water flow in distribution systems?
Gallons per minute (GPM)
What factor is often used to calculate the pressure in a water distribution system?
Elevation head
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of a water distribution system? A) Pipes B) Pumps C) Boilers D) Valves
C) Boilers
What does the term ‘hydraulic gradient’ refer to?
The slope of the water surface in a system, indicating the direction and rate of flow.
True or False: Water distribution systems must be designed to accommodate peak demand.
True
What is the term for the total length of all pipes in a water distribution system?
Pipe network length
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the difference between the pressure at the source and the pressure at the consumer’s tap.
pressure loss
What is the formula for calculating flow rate using velocity and cross-sectional area?
Flow rate = Velocity × Cross-sectional area
Multiple Choice: Which factor can affect water quality in distribution systems? A) Temperature B) Pipe material C) Flow rate D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the purpose of a pressure regulator in a water distribution system?
To maintain consistent water pressure within the system.
True or False: Gravity is the only method used for water distribution.
False
What does ‘fire flow’ refer to in water distribution systems?
The amount of water needed to fight a fire effectively.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is used to measure the volume of water supplied to consumers.
water meter
What is a common method for calculating demand estimates in water distribution?
Using historical consumption data.
Multiple Choice: What is the main goal of water distribution system design? A) Minimize costs B) Maximize efficiency C) Ensure safety D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the term for the maximum water flow rate that can be delivered to a specific area?
Peak demand flow rate
True or False: Dead-end sections of water distribution systems can lead to water stagnation.
True
What is the significance of the ‘head loss’ in a water distribution system?
It indicates the energy loss due to friction and turbulence in the pipes.
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of assessing the capacity of a water distribution system to meet future demands.
Demand forecasting
What is the role of valves in a water distribution system?
To control the flow and pressure of water.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common material used for water distribution pipes? A) PVC B) Wood C) Concrete D) All of the above
A) PVC
What is the typical range of water pressure in a residential water distribution system?
40 to 80 psi
True or False: Water distribution systems do not require maintenance once installed.
False
