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SST Grade 9 > Drainage > Flashcards

Drainage Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term drainage used to describe?

A

The river system of an area

It includes small streams that converge to form a main river, which drains into a larger water body.

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2
Q

What is a drainage basin?

A

The area drained by a single river system

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3
Q

What separates two drainage basins?

A

A water divide

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4
Q

Which river has the largest drainage basin in the world?

A

The Amazon River

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5
Q

What are the two major groups of rivers in India?

A
  • Himalayan rivers
  • Peninsular rivers
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6
Q

What is a key characteristic of Himalayan rivers?

A

Most are perennial, having water throughout the year

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7
Q

What are the two major Himalayan rivers mentioned?

A
  • Indus
  • Brahmaputra
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8
Q

What is the length of the Indus River?

A

2900 km

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9
Q

What is the significance of the Indus Water Treaty (1960)?

A

India can use only 20 percent of the total water carried by the Indus river system

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10
Q

What is the headwater of the Ganga called?

A

Bhagirathi

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11
Q

Where does the Ganga emerge from the mountains?

A

Haridwar

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12
Q

What is the name of the delta formed by the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers?

A

Sundarban Delta

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13
Q

What are the major tributaries of the Ganga?

A
  • Yamuna
  • Ghaghara
  • Gandak
  • Kosi
  • Chambal
  • Betwa
  • Son
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14
Q

What is the Namami Gange Programme?

A

An Integrated Conservation Mission for the Ganga approved in June 2014

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15
Q

Which river is known as Tsang Po in Tibet?

A

Brahmaputra

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16
Q

What is the main water divide in Peninsular India?

A

Western Ghats

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17
Q

What are the main rivers flowing eastwards in Peninsular India?

A
  • Mahanadi
  • Godavari
  • Krishna
  • Kaveri
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18
Q

What is the largest Peninsular river?

A

Godavari

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19
Q

What notable features does the Narmada create on its way to the sea?

A
  • Marble rocks
  • Dhuadhar falls
20
Q

What is the Kaveri known for?

A

It makes the second biggest waterfall in India, Shivasamudram Falls

21
Q

What are the notable freshwater lakes in India?

A
  • Wular Lake
  • Dal Lake
  • Bhimtal
  • Nainital
  • Loktak
  • Barapani
22
Q

What type of lakes are formed by glaciers?

A

Freshwater lakes of glacial origin

23
Q

What characterizes seasonal lakes?

A

They contain water only during the rainy season

24
Q

What is the Sambhar Lake known for?

A

It is a saltwater lake used for producing salt

25
Q

What percentage of the world’s surface is covered with water?

A

71 percent

26
Q

What percentage of the world’s freshwater is trapped as ice?

A

Three quarters

27
Q

What is the largest freshwater lake in India?

A

Wular Lake

Wular Lake is located in Jammu and Kashmir and is a result of tectonic activity.

28
Q

Name some important freshwater lakes in India.

A
  • Dal Lake
  • Bhimtal
  • Nainital
  • Loktak
  • Barapani
  • Wular Lake

These lakes have significant ecological and recreational value.

29
Q

What is the purpose of the National River Conservation Plan (NRCP)?

A

Improve water quality of rivers through pollution abatement work

The NRCP expanded from the Ganga Action Plan (1985).

30
Q

Fill in the blank: Lakes help to regulate the flow of a river and prevent ______ during heavy rains.

A

flooding

31
Q

How do lakes contribute to climate moderation?

A

They moderate the climate of the surroundings

This effect helps in maintaining local ecosystems.

32
Q

What are the economic benefits of rivers?

A
  • Irrigation
  • Navigation
  • Hydro-power generation

These activities are crucial for the agricultural economy of India.

33
Q

True or False: River pollution is primarily caused by untreated sewage and industrial effluents.

A

True

34
Q

What is a water divide?

A

A ridge that separates waters flowing to different rivers or basins

An example is the Himalayas, which divide the Indus and Ganga systems.

35
Q

Which two rivers in India have their origins in the Himalayas?

A
  • Indus
  • Ganga
36
Q

Where do the two headstreams of the Ganga meet?

A

At Devprayag to form the Ganga

The two headstreams are Bhagirathi and Alaknanda.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The river Narmada has its source at ______.

A

Amarkantak

38
Q

Name a saltwater lake in India.

A

Sambhar Lake

39
Q

What significant action plans have been launched due to rising river pollution?

A

Various action plans to clean the rivers

The Ganga Action Plan is one of the earliest initiatives.

40
Q

Which is the longest river of Peninsular India?

A

Godavari

41
Q

What distinguishes Himalayan rivers from Peninsular rivers?

A

Himalayan rivers are perennial and have a greater silt load

Peninsular rivers are seasonal and flow through rift valleys.

42
Q

Fill in the blank: The river which rises in the Betul district of MP and flows westwards is ______.

A

Tapi

43
Q

What is the significance of lakes for tourism?

A

Enhance natural beauty and provide recreation

Lakes attract tourists for various activities including boating and fishing.

44
Q

List two lakes created by human intervention.

A
  • Gobind Sagar
  • Nagarjuna Sagar

The damming of the rivers for the hydel power

45
Q

True or False: Rivers have historically attracted human settlements.

A

True

46
Q

Name one river that flows through a rift valley.

A

Tapi

47
Q

Which river is known as the ‘Sorrow’ of West Bengal?

A

Damodar

SST Grade 9 (6 decks)

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