Dr Moir - Done Flashcards
What is CAPZ?
Capping protein at the barbed end of actin
What is tropomodulin?
Capping protein at the pointed end of actin
Which of the 3 types of actin is found in the muscle tissue?
alpha
Of F and G actin, which is favoured under cellular conditions?
F
What is the role of profilin?
allows ATP binding and therefore promotes polymerisation
What is the role of Thymosin Beta 4?
binds to G actin pointed end preventing polymerisation
What type of mutations affect dystrophin the most?
Deletion or misense as they affect the length
What is the role of dystrophin?
Provides cellular structure
What is the role of fimbrin?
link actin filaments
where is fimbrin most commonly found?
microvilli and actin cables
What is the role of filamin?
allows gel formation with cross linking of strands
What is the role of Gelsolin?
Solubilises gels by causing a break and ATP hydrolysis
What angle does Arp2/3 bind to actin at?
70 degrees
Why is actin branched by MTs not?
actin has Arp2/3 which can bind allowing branching
What is released in the muscle cell to allow the mysoin binding?
Ca2+ ions
What is the name of the mysoin binding site?
tropomyosin
Which part of the myosin is conserved?
head group
What is the term used for the structure of the Myosin II tail domain?
coiled-coil
What interaction is responsible for the coiled coil structure?
hydrophobic
What type of myosin is present in muscle cells?
mysoin II
what is the sarcomere?
basic unit of the myofibril which is in the muscle cell
What is a stable Microtubule?
an MT which is stable in structure and is constantly present in non-differniating cells
What is a transient MT?
a MT which is only stable for short periods of time and constantly changes depending on the stage in the cell cycle
What is a heterodimer?
a tubulin monomer which consists of 2 domains; alpha and beta
What is the main difference between alpha and beta tubulin?
alpha binds GTP
beta binds GDP
What drug targets tubulin and which form?
taxol targets beta tubulin and is an anti cancer drug
How many protofilaments make up a MT?
13
What is the diameter of a MT?
24nm
What is the diameter of an actin filament?
8nm
What causes depolymerisation of MTs?
Break down of GTP to GDP at the cap
What is the role of kinesin?
directed delivery of new organelles
what is the role of dynein?
directed delivery back to cell body for recycling of old organelles
What is MAP2?
MT stabilising protein which results in loosely packed MTs
What is Tau?
MT stabilising protein which results in tight packed MTS
What is the target for Alzheimer’s disease treatment?
Tau
What method of movement does Myosin use?
Hand over Hand
