Dr. Ergürbüz - Pregnancy

Question 1

……is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman’s body(normally in uterus :If not in uterus it is called……..)

Answer 1

Pregnancy
Ectopic pregnancy

Question 2

normal duration of pregnancy in humans is accepted as …… weeks = ……. days

Answer 2

40

280 (259-274)

Question 3

fertilized ovum is accepted as ……

Answer 3

2 weeks old

Question 4

During which stage are all organs present; Head body arms and legs can be seen
• Neural tube is present
• Circulation started
• Digestive tube present
• Sex organs

Answer 4

Fetal stage (8+ weeks of gestation= 6+ weeks after fertilization)

Question 5

What are the organ-related changes that occur during pregnancy?

Answer 5

-

Question 6

what happens to skin during pregnancy?

Answer 6

-Hyperpigmentation (inc. by sunlight)
-Linesa nigra
-Stria gravidarum (stretching of skin)

Question 7

what are the HEMATOLOGICAL SYSTEM changes during
pregnancy?

Answer 7

-Pregnancy is a precoagulant status(–>thrombosis)
-Platelet count decreases
-leukocytes and erythrocytes increases
-GESTATIONAL MAJOR CHANGES IN COAGULATION &FIBRINOLYSIS MECHANİSM (MUST NOT TO BE FORGOTTEN)

Question 8

what are the GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
changes during
pregnancy?

Answer 8

-Albumin is more lowered than globulins (mimic liver disease.)
-Gall bladder is often dilated and atonic in pregnancy. This results bile stasis and increased risk for gallstones.
-Gastroesophageal reflux is observed (due to dilation of lower esophageal sphincter)
-uterus becomes larger

Question 9

what are the urinary system
changes during
pregnancy?

Answer 9

-Dilatation in bladder can increase the capacity up to 1500ml.
-The dilatation in renal pelvis and ureters results about 200ml urine to contain in. Ascending urinary infection risk increases by this dilatation. (Dilatation disappears by postpartum 4th day)
-Renal plasma flow increases –>GFR increase–> lower plasma creatinine levels
-lowered renal vascular resistance(inc kidney blood flow) (caused by progesterone and relaxine)

Question 10

what are the pulmonary system
changes during
pregnancy?

Answer 10

-Tidal volüme increases in pregnancy and ventilation increases (respiratory alkalosis)

Question 11

what is the the best position for rest during pregnancy?

Answer 11

LEFT LATERAL DECUBITIS

Question 12

what are the hormones released from those matters relating to mother?
1)Corpus luteum(in pregnancy) : 2)Maternal&placental : 3)Placental:

Answer 12

1)Relaksin
2)Estradiol (50% from maternal androgens)
3)Progesterone; Estriol;

Question 13

what are the follow up tests for pregnancy?

Answer 13

Fetal insulin +C peptide

Question 14

Urine formation in the fetus starts ……..

Answer 14

by 12 weeks gestation

Question 15

The fetus can move extremities even by ……..

Answer 15

9th weeks gestation

Question 16

It is accepted that fetus can hear ………..

Answer 16

by 17th week