Antenatal Care Karamursel Flashcards
What can an ultrasound detect?
Intrauterine gestational sac 4-5 weeks of pregnancy
&
Fetal heart activity 6-7 weeks
What are the risks of pregnancy of women with BMI >30 (obese)?
1-inc risk of gestational diabetes
2-pregnancy induced hypertension
3-thrombo-embolic disorders
4-delivery by C-section
5-fetal growth restrictions
What are the 2 methods to estimate gestational age of infant?
1-crown-rump (head-butt) length measurement; but if it’s >84mm, then—>
2-gestational age can be measured by using head circumference.
Why do we monitor cardiotocography and Doppler ultrasound?
-For the prediction of fetal growth restriction
-Cardiotocography for infant heart rate
(++in women with uncomplicated pregnancy)
-doppler u/s is used to measure blood flow
What if the pregnancy is risky and your can’t use cardiotocography and doppler ultrasound?
Use umbilical u/s or fetal heart rate monitoring instead
Knwo the leopold maneuver hand positionting
Pregnancy hypertension:
140/90
Small baby (small uterus)is either considered ……… or……..
Mentelly retarded or genetically small baby
How do we hear fetal heart rate if we have no ultra sound?
Stethescope
Ultrasound is used for …….?
High risk pregnancies
Screening tests are to detect……?
Which pregnancies are at higher risk
What is the screening test for gestational diabetes?
50g glucose tolerance test
What are diagnostic tests for chromosomal abnormalities?
-Chronic villus sampling
-or amniocentesis (16-20 wks
What are screening tests for chromosomal abnormalities?
-Double test
-Triple test (60% sensitivity, not reccommended)
-Quadriple test(low sensitivity)
-Maternal self-ring fetal test
-NIPT(non-invasive prenatal screening test)(high sensitivity, recommended)
What are the risk factors for gestational diabetes?
-BMI >30
-previous gestational diabetes
-previous macrosomic baby
-family history of diabetes
Which test do we make to detect erythroblastosis fetalis?
Indirect Cons test (detects antibodies in mother)
How can we detect the severity of hemolytic anemia?
By Doppler u/s
What is the treatment for 2nd pregnancy of baby who is Rh+ ?
Administration of anti-D prophylactic (to prevent the formation of maternal antibodies)
If the pregnant woman is rh negative and her husband is rh positive, and the baby turns out to be Rh+ is there any risk of Erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic anemia) on baby?
No, no risk and no need to administer anti-D
What are the screening tests recommended routinely to pregnant patients?
Syphilis
Hepatitis B &C
HIV
Measure thyroid function
Which vaccines are not given to pregnant women?
HPV
MMR
Live influenza
Varicella
Which vaccines are given to pregnant women?
Hepatitis A,B
Tdap (tetanus-diptheria)
Meningococcal
Pneumococcal
What are the symptoms of pregnancy?
-Missed period(amenorrhea)
-morning sickness
-fatigue/weakness
-breast changes
-urinary symptoms(inc frequency)
-constipation
-Primigravid(1st pregnancy) patients feels quickening from 18-20wks (4-5 months)
What is the normal fetal heart rate?
120-160 beats/min
Fetal biopsy is screening or diagnostic test?
Diagnostic test
