Doxycycline Hyclate (Tetrecycline Antibiotic) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the brand name of doxycycline hyclate?

A

Vibramycin, Doryx

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2
Q

What strength tablets are available for doxycycline hyclate?

A

20 mg and 100 mg

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3
Q

What strength capsules are available for doxycycline hyclate?

A

50 mg and 100 mg

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4
Q

What strength delayed release tablets are available for doxycycline hyclate?

A

75 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg

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5
Q

What strength syrup is available for doxycycline hyclate?

A

50 mg per 5 mL (as calcium salt)

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6
Q

What strength powder for oral suspension of doxycycline hyclate is available?

A

25 mg as monohydrate per 5 mL after reconstitution, raspberry flavor

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7
Q

What strength powder for injection is available for doxycycline hyclate?

A

100 mg and 200 mg per vile

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8
Q

What dose of doxycycline hyclate is used to treat primary and secondary syphilis?

A

300 mg per day in divided doses for at least 10 days

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9
Q

What strength of doxycycline hyclate is used to treat uncomplicated gonorrhea?

A

100 mg twice a day for seven days or 300 mg stat followed in one hour by a second 300 mg dose

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10
Q

What dose of doxycycline hyclate is used to treat uncomplicated urethral, endocervical, or rectal infections due to chlamydia trachomatis?

A

100 mg twice a day for at least seven days

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11
Q

What dose of doxycycline hyclate is used as a prophylaxis of malaria due to plasmodium falciparum and short term travelers to areas with strains resistant to other therapy?

A

100 mg daily beginning to days prior to departure and continuing for four weeks after return

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12
Q

What dose of doxycycline hyclate is used in children over eight years old?

A

4.4 mg/kg initially and two divided doses followed by 2.2 to 4.4 mg/kg per day

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13
Q

What dose of doxycycline hyclate is used to treat infections due to susceptible strains of gram-negative/gram-positive bacilli & cocci, spirochetes, Mycoplasmic pneumonia, actinomycetes and rickettsia?

A

100 mg every 12 hours on the first day followed by 100 to 200 mg per day and one or two divided doses

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14
Q

What should the providers monitor when the patient is taking doxycycline hyclate?

A

Complete blood count

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action for doxycycline hyclate?

A

Doxycycline is a tetracycline anabiotic which prevents bacterial proteins synthesis by competitively binding to the 30 S ribosomal subunits

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16
Q

What are the drug interactions for Vibramycin?

A
  • May impair the action of bactericidal antibiotics.
  • May impair the systemic absorption of oral contraceptives.
  • May increase the bioavailability of digoxin.
  • Absorption impaired by aluminum, bismuth, calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron salts, and urinary alkalinizes.
  • use with methoxyflurane may produce nephrotoxicity.
17
Q

What are the contraindications for doxycycline hyclate?

A
  • Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to any tetracycline.
  • Use with caution in children under eight years of age (during tooth development) and in patients with impaired renal function.
  • Cases of clostridium difficile associated diarrhea have occurred during treatment with tetracyclines.
  • Persistent or severe diarrhea should be reported to a physician
  • Use in lactation only ff benefits clearly outweigh risks.
  • Pregnancy category D
18
Q

What are the adverse effects of doxycycline hyclate?

A

Dizziness, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to sunlight, discoloration of forming teeth, sore or darkened tongue, cramps and burning stomach.

19
Q

What should the RPh tell the patient when counseling them for doxycycline hyclate?

A
  • Preferably taken on an empty stomach one hour before or two hours after meals with a full glass of water (240mL)
  • May be taken with food or milk if GI upset occurs.
  • Take in even intervals, preferably around the clock.
  • Complete full course of therapy unless otherwise directed.
  • Shake suspension well before using.
  • Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight.
  • If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible.