Dopamine Flashcards
1
Q
Dopamine: Class
A
Sympathomimetic, inotropic agent
2
Q
Dopamine: Mechanism of Action
A
- Immediate metabolic precursor to Norepinephrine.
- Increases systemic vascular resistance, dilate renal and splanchnic vasculature.
- Increases myocardial contractility and stroke volume.
3
Q
Dopamine: Indications
A
- Cardiogenic, septic or spinal shock.
- Hypotension with low cardiac output states
- Distributive shock
4
Q
Dopamine: Contraindications
A
- Hypovolemic shock
- Pheochromocytoma
- Tachydysrhythmias
- VF
5
Q
Dopamine: Adverse Reactions
A
- Cardiac dysrhythmias
- Hypertension
- Increased myocardial oxygen demand
- Extravagation may cause tissue necrosis
6
Q
Dopamine: Drug Interactions
A
- Incompatible in alkaline solutions
- MAOIs will enhance effects of dopamine
- Beta blockers may antagonize effects of dopamine
- When administered with Phenytoin: may cause hypotension, bradycardia and seizures.
7
Q
Dopamine: How Supplied
A
- 200 mg / 5 ml - 400 mg / 5 ml prefilled syringes, ampules for IV infusion.
- 400 mg in 250 ml D5W premixed solutions.
8
Q
Dopamine: Dosage and Administration
A
- Adult: 2- 20 mcg / kg / min. (Rate determined by physician).
- Pediatric: 2 - 20 mcg / kg / min. (Rate determined by physician).
9
Q
Dopamine: Onset
A
1-4 Minutes
10
Q
Dopamine: Peak Effect
A
5-10 Minutes
11
Q
Dopamine: Duration
A
Effects cease almost immediately after infusion shut off.
12
Q
Dopamine: Pregnancy Class
A
Not established
13
Q
Dopamine: Special Considerations
A
Effects are dose-dependent
- Dopaminergic response: 2-4 mcg / kg / min.: dilates vessels in kidneys; inc. urine output.
- Beta-adrenergic response: 4-10 mcg / kg / min.: Increased chronotropy and inotropy
- Adrenergic response: 10-20 mcg / kg / min.: Primarily alpha stimulant / vasoconstriction.
- Greater than 20 mcg / kg / min.: reversal of renal effects / override alpha effects.
- Always monitor drip rate.
- Avoid extravagation injury.
