domains of exercise

Question 1

domains

Answer 1

low intensity- BLA <2mmol
<70% vo2 max

moderate- between the LT, BLa elevated but stable at 2-8mmol/L
70-90% vo2 max

severe- above MLSS
BLa >2-8mmol/L
>90% vo2 max

Question 2

lactate threshold

Answer 2

boundary between easy and moderate exercise- can help to identify domains of exercise
lactate turnpoint- boundary between moderate and hard exercise

Question 3

MLSS test

Answer 3

in running test at increasing speed
as the speed increases, lactate conc rises
still steady at 19.5km/h but at 20km/h - largest increase in lactate (MLSS)
start woth high power ouput and time how lomg athlete can maintain power
higher= less time able to maintain power
at steady state, homeostasis will be in steady state in: vo2, blood lactate conc, HR, muscle cell physiology and fatigue products
CP (critical power) is related to MLSS

Question 4

W’ prime

Answer 4

W’= power above CP x duration
basically amount of work you can do above your critical power
power up to cp is mainly generated via aerobic processes- some anaerobic as lactate conc will be slightly elevated
W= power (W) x time (s)
W’- fixed energy store that mainly represents anaerobic capacity - PCr glycolysis (lactate), small contribution from myoglobin and hb bound o2 stores, once depleted speed of required energy production is exceeded, however fatigue related products may contribute to exhaustion too
at that point, exercise can no longer be continued

Question 5

practical applications

Answer 5

characterisation of athletes- what is highest sustainable power
power zones- training prescription
athlete tracking over season/ training cycle

Question 6

oxygen uptake kinetics

Answer 6

constantly track o2 uptake over time
breath by breath analysis
oxygen uptake kinetics differ across the exercise intensiity range and can help to define the domains of exercise

Question 7

o2 uptake phase 1

Answer 7

cardio dynamic component (~20s)- transmit time of blood betweem the exercising muscle and lungs

Question 8

phase 2

Answer 8

primary component (~2-3 min) - pulmonary vo2 rises in mono exponential gashion to meet the muscle oxygen demand

Question 9

phase 3

Answer 9

slow component (>3 min)- slow rise in vo2
only observed at high power outputs, as a growing number of fast motor units (type 2) have to be recruited
more force can be generated
not as efficient and fatigue resistant as type 1 fibres- more o2 needed per unit of force

Question 10

moderate exercise

Answer 10

below LT
phase 2- mono exponential - increase in vo2
phase 3- none

Question 11

heavy exercise

Answer 11

between LT and CP
phase 2- mono exponential increase in vo2
phase 3- slow component

Question 12

severe exercise

Answer 12

above CP
phase 2- mono exponential increase in vo2
phase 3- slow component never stabilises and continues until exercise has to be terminated or vo2 is attained