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Biology > Domains and kingdoms > Flashcards

Domains and kingdoms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 3 domains

A

Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya

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2
Q

What are the 6 kingdoms

A

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia.

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3
Q

What is the highest taxonomic rank

A

Domain

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4
Q

Which kingdoms are all Multicellular and Eukaryotic

which kingdom is eukaryotic but unicellular

A

Plantae, Animalia and Fungi

Protista

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5
Q

Which kingdoms are unicellular and prokaryotic

A

Eubacteria and Archaea

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6
Q

What the difference between Eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic

A 
Eukaryotic - larger more complex cell
-has a nucleus
-numerous organelles 
Prokaryotic
-tiny simple cell
-no true nucleus
-has ribsombes but no mb bound organelles.
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7
Q

What the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs -

A

autotrophs make thier own foods like plants

heterotrophs cant make thier own food and must other organisms

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8
Q

Which kingdoms have no cell wall

A

Animalia and Protista

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9
Q

Which kingdoms have cells walls but are multi cellular

A

plantae and fungi

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10
Q

Which kingdoms have cells walls and are unicellular

A

Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

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11
Q

What is taxonomy

A

Science of classifying organisms (both living & extinct)

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12
Q

What is the purpose of taxonomy

A
  1. to identify organisms

2. to represent evolutionary relationships among them

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13
Q

Who developed the taxonomy system and what did he base it off of

A

Carl Linnaeus based it off of structural and physical features/ the more features in common.

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14
Q

What is binomial nomenclature

A

The scientific name of a species formed by the combination of

  1. Genus- (always chaptalised)
  2. Species
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15
Q

What is each level of classification called

A

Taxa

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16
Q

Name the levels of classifications in order

A
  • Kingdom
  • Phylum
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Species
17
Q

What is Phylogeny

A

Evolutionary history of species

18
Q

What is phylogenical tree

A

diagram that illustrates the evolutionary

relationships between organisms

19
Q

What are tips nodes and base in phylogenical tree

A

tips represnt series

node represents common ancestor

20
Q

How are phylogenies determined

A

strucutural (morphology)
Development (embryology)
DNA (molecular genes)

21
Q

Organisms likely share common ancestry if they…

A
  • have similar autonomically structures, regardless of function.
  • show similar stages of embryological development
  • are genetically similar.
22
Q

What is natural section

A

A mechanism for change in populations that occurs when organisms with favourable variations for a particular environment survive, reproduce, and pass on these variations on to the next generation.

23
Q

What is artificual selection

A

human artificially selecting organisms for desirable traits.

24
Q

What is Speciation

A

Divergent evolution that results in new species- think of the bears

25
Q

What is biodiversity

A

refers to the variety of life and includes all living things and their characteristics

26
Q

What can biodiversity mean

A
  • the diversity of genetic characteristics within a species

- can mean the variety of species in a given area

27
Q

Why is biodiversity important

A

Ecosystems depend on the combined contributions.,

and ecosystem with a high level of biodiversity is more resistant to environmental change.

28
Q

What is the biodiversity index

A

A way of measuring biodiversity.

29
Q

What is species richness

A

the total number of species in an area-add them up

30
Q

What is species evenness

A

How evenly the species are represented in the area- for example, do most of the individuals belong to one species.

31
Q

What are the scores on the Simpsons index

A

0-1, 1 representing the lowest biodiversity.

Biology (4 decks)

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