Domain 2: Improving Care Delivery & Outcomes Flashcards
Other terms for sensitivity
True positive rate
Recall
Other term for specificity
True negative rate
Other term for positive predictive value
Precision
What does square, circle and triangle represent in decision tress?
Square = decision node
Circle = change node
Triangle = outcome node
What are 3 tools for quantifying patient utility?
Standard gamble
Time trade-off
Visual analogue
Formula for positive likelihood ratio (LR+)
Sensitivity / 1-Specificity = TPR / FPR (how much a positive test makes the diagnosis more likely)
Formula for negative likelihood ratio (LR-)
1-Sensitivity / Specificity = FNR / TNR (how much a negative test makes the diagnosis less likely)
Formula to convert probability to odds
Odds = prob / 1-prob
Formula to convert odds to probability
Prob = odds / 1+odds
What’s a rollback calculations in decision-tree analysis?
Multiplying each outcome (e.g. QALY) by it’s probability and then adding all the probabilities about a chance node
Process for calculating posterior probability given X% prior probability
- Convert X% probability to odds
- Multiple by LR+
- Calculate posterior odds
What causes semantic ambiguity
Insufficient detail
EX) specimen should be sent to lab for further handling. Which lab?
What causes syntactic ambiguity
Language that prevents translation into a machine-interpretable condition or syntax.
Ex) A or B and C. Missing parentheses?
What causes conditional ambiguity
Component of a condition is insufficiently detailed
Ex) If US is suggestive of appendicitis THEN perform CT abdomen. It is not clear what features of US would count as “suggestive of appendicitis.”
5 rights of CDS
Right information
Right person
Right format
Right channel
Right time
