Domain 2 Flashcards
In community surveys, a frequent symptom of malnutrition is
low hemoglobin
Which is the least common symptom in the elderly?
- Osteomalacia
- Osteoporosis
- Obesity
- Hypertension
a. Osteomalacia
What is included in the study of demographics?
Age and sex of individual and population statistics
Main thing Athletes should receive…..
water during an event to replace lost fluids
How many grams of protein would you receive on a 1500 kcal which is 20% protein?
75g
A pt is on a high protein, low CHO diet, what advice should you offer
increase fluid intake
An insulin-dependent diabetes living alone calls you w/ symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. What do you recommend?
Cont. w/ insulin and drink anything you can
Which infant is at the greatest risk?
- 20 lb w/ hgb 10
- 22 lb w/ hgb 10.5
- 19 lbs w/ hgb 11
- 30 lbs w/ hgb 9
30 lbs w/ hgb 9
Normal hgb for an infant?
10+
An alcoholic pt has low serum albumin, low hgb, high ammonia, abnormal liver function tests and ascites. 1. Why is he on a 500mg sodium diet? 2. What should they have for lunch? (4 oz cheese, 1 oz cheese, 1oz roast beef, 1oz cold cuts)
- Hypoalbuminemia. 2. 1oz roast beef
Which is the most at risk for gestational diabetes?
- BMI <30
- age <25 w/ overweight
- BMI >30 w/ history of GSM
- conception within 10 months of last pregnany
BMI > 30 w/ history of GSM
A child is lethargic, irritable w/ diarrhea. The cause may be
Lead poisoning
How many calories are in 300mL of a 5% dextrose?
51
A single 19yr old female is 6 month pregnant; she has not gained any weight and has not seen a physician. Hgb is 9. Hematocrit is 30. What is the most important rec. for her?
See a physician immediately
A female is 5’7’’ tall; weighs 115lbs; 6 months ago she weighed in 130lbs. What is her percent of ideal body weight?
85%
A vegan is allergic to milk. Which nutrient would you expect might be a deficient in her intake
vita b12, and D
A pt w/ Chron’s disease needs the following diet:
Low fat, vita C, vita B12, high calorie, high protein
What diet is appropriate for reactive hypoglycemia
Reduce intake of concentrated CHO, and 5-6 small meals
When assessing nutritional status, what is most beneficial
diet intake, clinical data, lab data
The first function of the public health nutritionist is
to assess the needs of the community
What nutrients most affect the renal solute load
protein and sodium
The elderly need how many mL of water per KG
30
According to the Diabetic Exchange Lists, when substituting 2% milk for skim milk, you must omit how many fat exchanges
1
If a man normally consuming 2600 kcals per day reduces his intake to 1500 calories per day, how much weight will he lose in one week
1.0 KG
The primary treatment for galactosemia is
diet therapy
What best reflects protein status
prealbumin
Following a Billroth II, steatorrhea often results. What is the likely cuase
lack of pancreatic secretion d/t less duodenal hormone secretion
Meats curd w/ whey wont be tolerated with someone
who is lactose intolerance
Chemically defined formulas are used for
short bowel syndrome
A PEG feeding would be useful in a pt w/
head or neck cancer, who will not be able to eat normally for weeks
A pt w/ hepatitis needs a high protein intake. Besides helping liver to regenerate, what other purpose is being served?
it helps prevent a fatty liver
The additive influence of foods and constituents which when eaten have a beneficial effect on health refers to
food synergy
Which foods are most likely to cause an allergic reaction
shellfish, peanuts, wheat, soy
What set of conditions are most seen in children in America?
Obesity, dental caries and anemia
A 1500 kcal diabetic diet w/ 45% of the calories from CHO is prescribed; one third of the CHO grams is met w. 1/2 cup orange juice, 1 cup milk and:
2 slices of toast
Which of the following is a medium fat meat?
- Peanut butter
- Tunafish packed in water
- corned beef
- chicken w/o skin
- corned beef
Which gov agency wouldyou contact regarding food distrubtion?
USDA
WHich has the greatest effect on the renal solute load
protein
Which is not a fiber in a diet?
- cellulose
- hemicellulose
- amylose
- pectin
amylose
What is a diet for hypertension?
low sodium
The NHANES study looks at which parameters?
Nutritional, clinical, biochemical
What is a major reason for constipation in the elderly?
decreased gastric motility
A 11month old infant is at the 95th percentile weight for age and has been for the past 9 months. what should you do
watch his growth over the next 6 months
A 6’2’’ male, large frame, 230lbs w/ type II diabetes should
lose 20lbs slowly following a balanced diet
a pt w. chronic pancreatitis should consume oral pancreatic enzymes
w/ all meals and snacks
If a pt is about to be discharged when you receive the the discharge diet order, you should
enroll him in the outpatient clinic and schedule an appt
Following a cholecystectomy, bile is produced by the
liver
How many calories in 1.5 L of a 25% dextrose solution
1275
Research suggests that in order to guard against cancer you should ingest
Carotene and vita C
What may be the cause of loose stools in a tube fed pt
administered feeding at too rapid or a rate and an inadequate amount of intestinal surface area
An elevated T4 indicates
hyperthyroidism
Before discontinuing a parenteral feeding, provide enteral support to prevent
hypoglycemia
What is the weight gain for the last half of pregnancy per month
at least 4lbs per month
Iron deficiency anemia has these 3 characteristics
small/pale cells, hypochromic, microcytic
This hormone moves milk through mammary ducts
oxytocin
These 4 anthropometric measurements are useful in assessing adults
tricep skinfold, arm muscle circumference, height and weight
What is a measure of somatic protein
mid arm muscle circumference
Muscle mass is determined using the
triceps skinfold and arm circumference
Gastric irritants foods include
black pepper, chili powder, caffeine, alcohol and cocoa
Good advice for a pt w/ a hiatal hernia is to
dont eat before bed
The dumping syndrome (3):
follows a gastrectomy, secondary to CHO overload, and draws fluid into the intestine
Nutritional therapy for hepatitis includes (4)
high protein, high CHO, moderate fat, and high kcals
Esosphagaell varices may be caused by
portal hypertension
The diet for hepatic coma is low in protein d/t
high ammonia levels
In cystic fibrosis, the most impaired nutrient is
fat
Hormones that control blood pressure and blood components are produced in
the kidneys
An acid ash would be created by ingesting
corn/cranberries
Symptoms of nephrosis include (2)
albuminuria and hypercholesterolemia
The catecholamines released during stress cause
hyperglycemia
What is a part of nutritional therapy for IDDM in a lean person?
Time meals
Increased serum uric acid levels may lead to
Gout
The diet for galactosemia should exclude
organ meats, MSG
The ketogenic diet is used to help treat
seizures
Immediately following a severe burn, nutritional therapy should include
fluid and electrolyte replacement
The theory of obesity that refers to receptors in the hypothalamus is the
glucostatic theory
The VMA test diet measures
total catecholamines
A fecal excretion of ___grams of fat/24 hours is considered fat malabsorption
more than 7
Iatrogenic malnutrition is
protein, calorie malnutrition
What are similarities between WIC and Food Stamps?
Regulated by the USDA and have income criteria
A 60kg female receives 2700kcals on PN. The calories to nitrogen ration is 150:1. How many grams of nitrogen is she getting
18
What type of food would you feed to a pt who has the athetoid from cerebral palsy
finger foods
Osteoporosis is likely to occur in (gender/race)
white female
A quick diet assessment tool for a large group
food frequency lists
Compared to human milk, commercially prepared infant formula is
higher in protein and iron but lacks antibodies
These 3 are associated with anorexia nervosa
food aversions, distorted body image, constant concern about weight
Advice for a person w/ anorexia nervosa
regular mealtimes, and a varied moderate intake
A female who eats a wide variety of foods and takes supplemental iron and birth control may be
low in folic acid
THe immobilized state can lead to low levels of
albumin and calcium
A man w/ a peptic ulcer should consume
a balanced diet he can tolerate
A cholesterol level of 240 mgs needs treatment first w/
diet
an infant formula for lactose intolerance might include:
casein hydrolsyate, corn oil, glucose, soy protein and corn syrup solids
A pt w/ nephrosis will likely exhibit (3) and how much protein should they receive?
hypercholesterolemia, albuminemia and edema (.8-1g/kg)
Fiber (the one found in oats, beans, bran) results in
increased water absorption from the intestine
A pt suffering from bulimia may have: (3)
a sore throat, dental problems, rectal bleeding
The efficacy of a low sugar, low artificial flavor diet on hyperkinesis is
not been scientifically proven
Signs of marasmus (3)
protein/calorie wasting, weight loss, and low anthropometrics measurements
Urea excretion is related to ____, while creatinine excretion is related to ______.
protein intake, muscle mass
A pt has a rare urea disease where the body is unable to synthesize urea. what might be the result
elevated ammonia levels
A nutritional screening can be
participated with all health team members according to policy
A sandwich with two pieces of white bread and two ounces of turkey provides how many calories
250
Current research on the relationship between cancer and diet includes (3)
vita A intake, epidemiolgic data, and Vita C intake
Two liters of a 5% dextrose solution provide how many calories
340
instructing a pt on diet therapy needed during intake of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, avoid
cheddar cheese and swiss cheese
Catecholamines have what physiological effect
cause sodium retention
A pt w/ dehydration exhibits the symptoms of (3)
sunken eyes, decreased renal function, increased tachycardia
Why would a man who eats very little protein have an albumin of 5.5g/dl
he is dehydrated
the diet for stomatits is
avoid spices, very hot, very cold, sour, tart foods
The BMI for a woman who is 5’7’’ tall and weights 148lbs indicates
normal weight
This survey is repeated every few years
NHANES
The Year 2010 Healthy People Goals are on outgrowth of a report by
The surgeon general under HHS
An example of a “healthy People” goal is
decrease in infant mortality
When a starved pt begins to eat, they might expect
an increased workload on the heart
The immediate post stress release of glucagon
increases glucose release into the bloodstream
Appropriate diet for peritoneal dialysis
1.5g pro, 30 cal/KG
What is an ex of a program that provides food to the needy?
Food bank
A formula that is high in calories and low in protein
AminAid
The goal of the dietary guidelines
prevention of chronic disease
If an IDDM tells you she eats meals on an irregular schedule, you should
explain that insulin therapy is related to intake
The allowance for Food Stamps is based on
The USDA Thrifty Food Program
A single man w/ two daughters, ages 10 and 11, is looking for aid; what is a good program for them
Food stamps
Why is an affluent couple (man with diabetes, wife with broken arm) not eligible for Meals on Wheels
They can leave the house
This food is permitted in a gluten free diet
corn
Nutrients involved in energy metabolism
pantothenic acid and biotin
Where can a pregnant teen learn to cook
EFNEP
metabolic acidosis involves the excretion of
sodium bicarbonate
How can you enhance usage of commodity foods from a donation program
give each participant recipes using the food items
A poor, healthy 19yr old mother is unsure how to feed her 4yr old child. Which program may offer the most help
EFNEP
An athlete weighs more than the average person of his height, what should you do first
examine other anthropometric measurements
The most effective nutrition assessment method for large groups is
food frequency list
What is a good snack for a diabetic on NPH insulin
cheese and crackers
What can be done to lower the respiratory quotient of a tube fed pulmonary pt
add a fat emulsion to replace some of the CHO
Which correlates best w/ energy intake
body mass index
What affects osmolarity?
electrolytes
A fiber that is insoluble in water?
hemicellulose
An infant wants a bottle at bedtime, you should suggest
only give water in the bottle
A diabetic wants to exchange his bedtime snack of 8oz whole milk; what do you suggest
1oz cheese and 1/2 cup
Providing only 5% dextrose in water solution after stress can result in
hypoalbuminernia
