Domain 1: Basic and applied sciences and nutritional concepts Flashcards
Which of the following best describes a function of lipids in the body?
A precursor to hormone production
For the best results, how should calcium supplements be consumed?
Spaced throughout the day.
note
Calcium carbonate should be taken with food. Stomach acid produced while eating helps your body absorb calcium carbonate
What are the muscles of the global stabilization system primarily responsible for?
Transferring loads between the upper and lower extremities
What is blood pressure (BP)?
It is the pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels.
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
ANTERIOR
The front side of the body
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
POSTERIOR
The backside of the body
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Superior
On top of, or above
Ex: The head is superior to the shoulders and hips
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Inferior
Below, or under
Ex: The Shoulders and hips are inferior to the head
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Proximal
Closer to the center of the body
Ex: The shoulders are more proximal to the center of the body than the wrists
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Distal
Further from the center of the body
Ex: The wrists are distal (more distant) compared to the shoulders.
Ex2: The elbows are proximal compared to the wrists, but distal compared to the shoulders.
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Medial
Closer to the midline of the body
Ex: The pecs are medial to the deltoids
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Lateral
Further from the midline of the body
Ex: Deltoids are more lateral than the pecs
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Contralateral
on the opposite side of the body
Ex: The left hand is contralateral to the right ankle
ANATOMIC LOCATION-
Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body
Ex: The left hand is ipsilateral to the left ankle
PLANES OF MOTION-MOTIONS-EXAMPLE
- FRONTAL PLANE
Cuts body in half from front and back
Motions: Adduction/abduction, lateral flexion, eversion/inversion
Examples: side lateral raise, side lunge, side shuffle
Joint motions:
Eversion + Inversion
Plantarflexion + Dorsiflexion
(Only occurs at the foot)
Eversion: Turning the outer edge of the foot out
Inversion: Turning the inner edge of the foot in
Plantarflexion: Extending the ankle. Pointing the toes down (Hint: plant the big toe into the ground)
Dorsiflexion: Flexing the ankle. Pointing toes up, heels down.
PLANES OF MOTION-MOTIONS-EXAMPLE
- Sagittal plane
Cuts body in half from left side and right
Motions: Flexion/extension
Examples: Bicep curls, tricep pushdown, squat
PLANES OF MOTION-MOTIONS-EXAMPLE
- Transverse plane
Splits the body in half from lower extremity and upper extremity
Motions: rotation, horizontal adduction/horizontal abduction
Examples: Throwing, golfing, swinging a bat
Joint Motions:
Extension
Flexion
Extension: straightening movement; increasing the angle between segments
Flexion: bending movement; decreasing the angle between segments
Flex/extend the elbow
Joint motion:
Adduction
Abduction
Hint mostly occurs at the shoulders, fingers, hips and toes
Adduction: moving in the frontal plane towards the middle of the body
Ex: Arm is extended in front of the body, and then lowers down to the side body.
Abduction: moving in the frontal plane away from the middle of the body
Ex: Arm goes from being at the side body to extending it out in front of the body.
Joint motion:
Horizontal adduction
Horizontal abduction
Horizontal adduction: transverse plane arm movement from lateral to anterior.
Ex: Arms are out in a T, then you bring the hands together for a chest fly.
Horizontal abduction: transverse plane arm movement from anterior to lateral.
Ex: Moving arms from a chest fly to a reverse chest fly
Joint motion:
Internal rotation
External rotation
Internal rotation: rotation towards the middle of the body
External rotation: rotation away from the middle of the body
Joint motion:
Pronation vs Supination
Hint Mostly occurs at hand, arm, & foot.
Pronation: when hand/arm is pointing down or when the weight in the feet point inward
Supination: when hand/arm is pointing up or when the weight in the feet points outward. (Hint: hand is cuffed like a bowl for soup)
