Dog Breeds 1

Question 1

Describe breed formation of how wolves became dogs

Answer 1

Wolves domesticated 20,000-30,000 yrs ago (5% loss in genetic diversity). Initially selected for barking @ strangers, guarding livestock, hunting
Modern breed info started 150 yrs ago (30% loss in genetic diversity)
many breeds have very lim gene pool ( ex gene pool of UK’s 10K pugs = to only 50 wild animals

Question 2

What are some major breed groups?

Answer 2

sporting (gun dogs)
hound
working (guarding + pulling)
Terrier
Herding (Pastoral)
Non-sporting (utility)
Toy

Question 3

What are a rough guide for dog sizes

Answer 3

Giant: 38-45kg
Lg: 25-38kg
Med: 16-25kg
Sm: 4-16kg
Toy: 1-4kg

Question 4

What are some basic coat colors and examples?

Answer 4

Eumelanin has 2 colors: black (dom) + Liver/brown/choco
Diluting: Black -> blue, Choco -> Isabella (weimaraner)
phaeomelanin 1 color - golden
Shades - red, orange, golden, tan, yellow, champagne
Can have both types of pigment in same coat ex black/tan, tricolor

Question 5

Explain merle, what is affected?

Answer 5

irregular patches of solid color and patches of diluted color
affects eumelanin
Variants:
Double merle (predominantly white + blind/deaf)
Cryptic merle: displays little visible merle patches, still abnormal melanin no health issues

Question 6

What are the differences between merle, roan, ticking and agouti

Answer 6

Merle - sually area of solid white, faded color, uneven border btw light/dark areas
ROAN - white hairs mixed w/ solid colored hairs (black or orange). white ticking on dark bg
TICKING - tiny spots of color on a white bg
Agouti - melanin laid in bands on hairs, wolf grey

Question 7

Describe sporting groups, what behaviour, pointing, retrieving and moving, appearance?

Answer 7

hunting, field, water, gun dogs
Behav - based on jr role in pack hunting
pointing - id prey, freeze, do not stalk. Signal game loc
Retrieving - seize dead/wounded prey and bring back. Soft mouthed, adapted for water/land
Moving - flush game ex spaniels
Appearance sim to wild k9 but no erect ears. May req lots of exercise

Question 8

Describe the german short-haired pointer. Height, weight, phenotype, characteristics, life span

Answer 8

lg 20-32kg, 21”-25”, docked tail, liver/white, solid head color.
Roan/ticked body with saddles
versatile hunting dog, will swim, high energy, req stimulation, mild weather dog bc short coat, health concern: lymphedema
12-14 yr span

Question 8

Describe the weimaraner breed. Height, weight, phenotype, characteristics, life span, health concerns

Answer 8

lg 25-42kg, 23”-27”, grey: (mouse to silver), short/long haired, pointer, german descent
gun dog + large game (deer/bear)
lots to running room, exercise, minimal grooming
poor cold intolerance, 10-13yr
Health concerns: gastric torsion, minor: hips, distichiasis, clotting dz, congenital heart issues

Question 9

Describe the irish red setter breed. Height, weight, phenotype, characteristics, life span, health concerns

Answer 9

lg 27-32kg, 25-25”, bred for show than hunting, active pet, very sociable, not assertive, good therapy dogs, req exercise, not good outdoor, req grooming, 12-14 yr, major health: progressive retinal atrophy, hips, gastric torsion
minor: epilepsy, hemophilia A

Question 10

Describe the lab retriever breed. Height, weight, phenotype, characteristics, life span, health concerns

Answer 10

lg 25-37kg, 21-24.5”, solid color (sm white spot on chest, nose solid color), black, yellow, choco, #1 bred in N. America, originated in Newfoundland, obedient, personable, intelligent, swimming, retrieving
Health issues overweight, orthopedic issues, hip/elbow, hot spots, exercise-induced collapse, allergic dermatitis/otitis, swimmers tail. 11yrs

Question 11

Describe the golden retriever breed. Height, weight, phenotype, characteristics, life span, health concerns

Answer 11

lg 22-35kg, 21-24”, long coat, feathered tail, shades of gold/brown eyes, #2 breeds in N. America, bred for hunting then for retrieving/swimmings, “soft mouth”, family pet, energetic, intelligent, 10-13yr, heath issues: hip dysplasia, skin problems, lymphosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, eye: golden retr uveitis, entropion, hypothyrodism

Question 12

Describe the cesapeake bay retriever breed Height, weight, phenotype, characteristics, life span, health concerns

Answer 12

lger than lab @ 25-40kg, 21-26”
solid color: brown, sedge, deadgrass. thick, oily undercoat w/ some curl, origin: Newfoundland crossed w/ retriever. good swimmer, duckhunting/retrieving. avoid washing cause destroys coat oils + water resistance, weather tolerant, can be protective/aggress, req exercise, health issues: hip/elow displasia, gastric torsion, 10-13 yr

Question 13

Describe the cocker spaniel breed Height, weight, phenotype, characteristics, life span, health concerns

Answer 13

sm 10-13kg, 13-15”,sweet, submissive, obediet, family pet, poor hunter, extensive grooming, ear maintenance, 12-15yr, chronic otitis - leads to deafness and sx correction, cataracts, glaucoma, progressive retinal atrophy, luxating patela, hips, obesitiy. Minor: allergies, seborrhea, phosphofructokinase deficiency, uroliths, cardiomyopathy