Doctrines

Question 1

Reasonable Suspicion

Answer 1

A belief that a crime has been, is being, or will be committed based on inferences drawn from the facts in light of experience.

Question 2

Probable Cause

Answer 2

RS plus physical evidence

Question 3

Fruit of the Poisonous Tree

Answer 3

Prevents evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment from being admitted in a criminal trial.

Question 4

Exigent Circumstances

Answer 4

Allows law enforcement to enter a structure without a search warrant if; someone is in imminent danger, evidence faces imminent destruction, or a suspect’s escape is imminent.

Question 5

Plain View

Answer 5

Allows an officer to seize evidence of a crime that is found in plain view during a lawful observation.

Question 6

Open Fields

Answer 6

Expectation of privacy in an open field is not considered as reasonable or legitimate, even if there are fences or “no trespassing” signs around the field.

Question 7

1+1 Rule

Answer 7

If there is an armed presence, weapon, or suspect on a scene. An officer must act and react as if there is a secondary weapon/person.

Question 8

Qualified Immunity

Answer 8

Shields government officials from being held personally liable for constitutional violations for monetary damages under federal law so long as the officials did not violate “clearly established” law and did so in good faith.

Question 9

Use of Force

Answer 9

1. Presence
2. Verbal
3. Empty hand
4. Less than lethal
5. Lethal

Question 10

Burden of Proof

Answer 10

Preponderance of evidence. 51%. More likely than not.