DNA viruses Flashcards
NAKED DNA VIRUSES
PARVOVIRIDAE
ADENOVIRIDAE
PAPOVAVIRIDAE
(PAR-AD-PAP)
ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM (FIFTH DISEASE)
- sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, or spherocytosis
- Second trimester: Hydrops Fetalis
- ARTHRITIS
- Respiratory Droplets
Parvovirus B-19
- RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death, in adults leads to pure RBC aplasia and rheumatoid arthritis–like symptoms
The smallest DNA virus; the only DNA virus that is single-stranded.
PARVOVIRIDAE
- Only virus with fiber
- Cowdry type B intranuclear basophilic inclusion bodies
Adenovirus
The second smallest DNA virus
PAPOVAVIRIDAE
- Koilocytes
- Direct contact
- Sexually transmitted
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- PAPOVAVIRIDAE
NOTE:
✅ Genital warts: Podophyllin
✅ Skin warts: Liquid nitrogen
✅ Plantar warts: Salicylic acid
PREVENTION:
✅ Vaccine for HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18 for females 9-26 years old
✨
causes hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in patients with solid
organ (kidney) and bone marrow transplants
- BKV blood test or a urine test for decoy cells
BK Polyoma Virus
- Only causes disease in immunocompromised hosts
- Causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients
with AIDS
✅ Junky Cerebrum
JC Polyoma Virus (John Cunningham virus)
HPV type (?)
Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) Respiratory tract papillomas
Most common viral STD
HPV 6 and 11
Site of Latency of HSV-1 (HHV-1)
Trigeminal ganglia
Site of Latency of HSV-2 (HHV-2)
Lumbosacral ganglia
is the most common cause of sporadic, fatal encephalitis in the USA
HSV-1
principal target area of HPV
TEMPORAL LOBE:
NOTE:
HSV 1: saliva or direct
HSV 2: sexual or transvaginal
🐈
Cowdry Type A eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions
- Vesicular rash (‘dewdrop on a rose petal appearance’) that begins on trunk; spreads to face and extremities
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) / HHV-3
Period of communicability: 48 hours before vesicle formation and 4-5 days after until all vesicles are crusted
- owl’s-eye nuclear inclusion
- Most common when the mother is infected in first trimester
- Most common infectious cause of congenital abnormalities
- Most common intrauterine viral infection
✅ Human body fluids
✅ Transplacental
⭐️ Organ transplantation
✅ Monospot-negative
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) / HHV-5
Transmission: Saliva
- INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
- ‘Kissing disease’
- ✅ Monospot-positive/heterophil-positive
✅ 🐈 ✨ Downey cells
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) / HHV-4
NOTE
Heterophil-Positive:
✅Epstein-Barr Virus
✅ Heterophil-Negative:
🐈
ROSEOLA / EXANTHEM SUBITUM / SIXTH DISEASE
- rose-colored macules
- Nagayama spots: erythematous papules on soft palate and base of the uvula
- CD4 site of latency
What HHV variant?
Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)
HPV that causes KAPOSI SARCOMA ……AIDS-related malignancy
Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)
Largest DNA virus; the only DNA virus that is complex (not icosahedral); the only DNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm (not in the nucleus)
POXVIRIDAE
causes SMALLPOX
- Brick-shaped
- Guarnieri bodies: intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions
✅ centrifugal rash
Variola virus (poxviridae)
“Dane particles”
- Granular eosinophilic “ground glass” appearance
HBV
