DNA Transcription III Flashcards
What does gene regulation determine?
Differentiation of all the different cells in the body
What is gene expression regulated by?
Proteins
How are cell fates determined?
Signaling by time in cell division and by spatial signals
What happens to the fate of the cell?
It is remembered by the daughter cells
Explain regulation and coordination of gene expression
Gene expression can be regulated by combinations of proteins (think fruit-looking slide, eve stripes) and can be coordinated by a single protein
What is combinatorial control and what does it allow for?
The idea that gene expression is regulated by a combination of proteins; it allows for creation of different cell types
What does a DNA regulatory protein do?
Turns on genes
Where does spatial information derive from physiologically?
Anterior-posterior ventral dorsal position signals
Describe an example of combinatorial control
Stem cell->2ndary stem cells (pinkies vs blues->(fat, bone, cartilage, muscle tendon) vs (rbcs, platelets, lymphocytes, etc.)
How are spatial signals induced?
By inducer molecules that are inducer families
What is a gradient and what does it do?
Higher->lower concentration of spatial inducing proteins. Gradients of inducing proteins can specify differentiation & can form a cascade of spatial signals (think hill cascade/hierarchy of functions)
What is an example of spatial signals?
Different HOX genes are expressed in a spatially restricted pattern in embryo
What do HH, SHH, and BMP do?
Families of inducing proteins that set up gradients that signal positional gradients to differentiate cells
What is a way that cells remember gene expression patterns?
Positive feedback
Give an example of how a single gene regulatory protein can trigger a formation of an organ
Eye on leg of drosophila, from the larva, done by positive feedback
