Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBOD Block 1 - Gilbert > Amino Acids (General) > Flashcards

Amino Acids (General) Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 6 aliphatic amino acids (name & 3-letter)

A 
Glycine = Gly
Alanine = Ala
Proline = Pro (cyclic)
Valine = Val
Leucine = Leu
Isoleucine = Ile
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the 3 aromatic amino acids (name & 3-letter)

A 
Tyrosine = Tyr
Phenylalanine = Phe
Tryptophan = Trp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does aliphatic mean?

A

Non-polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the 4 uncharged polar amino acids (name & 3-letter)

A 
Asparagine = Asn
Glutamine = Gln
Serine = Ser
Threonine = Thr
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the 3 sulfur-containing amino acids

A 
Methionine = Met
Cysteine = Cys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the 5 charged amino acids?

A 
Aspartate = Asp
Glutamate = Glu
Arginine = Arg
Lysine = Lys
Histidine = His
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the only secondary amino acid?

A

Proline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are L- and D- amino acids called relative to each other?

A

Stereoisomers, chiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are amino acids classified?

A

Charge, Size, Hydrophobicity/Polarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What process is used for signaling purposes?

A

Phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

By what are proteins encoded?

A

Genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does a peptide bond influence the structure of a protein?

A

A resonance structure forms, creating partial double bonds, causing the molecules of the protein to lie in a single plain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does rotation occur in a protein molecule?

A

Around the alpha carbon via angles phi and psi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are phi and psi located?

A

Adjacent to amine group and carbonyl group, respectively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Talk about the favorability of phi and psi?

A

Trans is more favorable than cis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a zwitter ion?

A

Neutral molecule that has a + and - charge

17
Q

What is dissociation?

A

Loss of a proton during titration

18
Q

Define Ka

A

Quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. Quotient of concentration of acid-base in solution.

Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA]

19
Q

Difference between pH and pKa

A

pH: Concentration of H+ ions in solution
pKa: How much an acid wants to dissociate in a solution

20
Q

When does pH = pKa

A

[A-]/[HA] = 1, log(1) = 0

21
Q

Write out Henderson-Hasselbach

A

pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])

22
Q

How many amino acids are primary amino acids?

A

19/20

23
Q

Which one is a secondary amino acid?

A

Proline

24
Q

How many amino acids are alpha amino acids? What does alpha mean?

A

20/20; alpha describes the carbon on which the amine group and the COOH group is attached

25
Q

When does chirality occur?

A

When a carbon has four different groups coming off of it.

26
Q

What kind of configuration do amino acids have in the body?

A

L-configuration

27
Q

How are amino acids linked?

A

Peptide bonds: Amide linkage + H2O

28
Q

What is Ka?

A

Dissociation constant:

Ka = ([H+][A-])/[HA]

29
Q

Does a stronger acid dissociate more or less than a weaker acid? Describe this using an equilibrium equation.

A

Dissociates more.

Equilibrium equation shifts more to the right

30
Q

Define pKa mathematically

A

pKa = log(1/Ka)

31
Q

What is a cause that results in more than 20 amino acids (more like 100s) in the body?

A

Modifications (phosphorylation, methylation, glycosylation, etc.)

32
Q

What is the function of hemoglobin?

A

Oxygen transport protein

33
Q

What are the different chains of hemoglobin?

A

alpha, beta, gamma, zeta

34
Q

What does myoglobin do?

A

Protein that stores O2

35
Q

What defines functions of proteins?

A

amino acids

36
Q

Draw/describe what happens during a peptide bond

A

Carboxyl O- and H2 from NH3+ condense and NH forms amide bond with carboxyl carbon

37
Q

Write Henderson-Hasselbach for bicarbonate system

A

pH = 6.1 + log([HCO3-]/(0.03*pCO2))

38
Q

What does the bicarbonate system do?

A

Acts as the buffer system as lungs dispose of CO2. Can work along with phosphate buffer

39
Q

What is the average molecular weight of an amino acid? What would be the MW of an AA that is 10 AA long?

A

110 g/mol; 1100 g/mol

MBOD Block 1 - Gilbert (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions