Dna Terminology Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
True or False: DNA is a single-stranded molecule.
False
Fill in the blank: The two strands of DNA are held together by __________ bonds.
hydrogen
What are the four nucleotide bases in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
Which base pairs with Adenine in DNA?
Thymine
What is the shape of the DNA molecule?
Double helix
True or False: DNA can replicate itself.
True
What is the process of copying DNA called?
Replication
What is the function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information
Multiple Choice: Which enzyme is primarily responsible for DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
Fill in the blank: The segments of DNA that code for proteins are called __________.
genes
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence
True or False: All mutations are harmful.
False
What is the role of RNA in relation to DNA?
RNA acts as a messenger to carry instructions from DNA for protein synthesis.
Multiple Choice: Which type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome?
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
What does the term ‘genome’ refer to?
The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
Fill in the blank: The sugar in DNA is __________.
deoxyribose
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, whereas RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.
True or False: DNA is found only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
True
What is a chromosome?
A structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information.
Multiple Choice: How many chromosomes do humans have?
46
Fill in the blank: The process of converting DNA into RNA is called __________.
transcription
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
Ribosomes are the sites where amino acids are assembled into proteins.
True or False: DNA is the only molecule that carries genetic information.
False
