DNA Structure Flashcards
What are the three parts of the nucleotide?
Phosphate group, five carbon sugar, and nitrogen base
What does a phosphate group bind to the next group?
Sugar
What does thymine match up with?
Adenine
What does cytosine match up with?
Guanine
Who created the shape of the DNA molecules
James Watson and Francis Crick
What was the shape of the DNA
A double helix
What type of bond connect to the bases to each other?
Hydrogen
Number the steps of DNA replication in order
DNA unwinds
Daughter strand are formed using complementary base pairing
The DNA of the daughter strands winds with together with its parent strand
Why is DNA replication called “semi- conservative?
One old strand, one new strand
What enzyme unwinds or unzips the parent strand
Helicase
What enzyme connects the new bases to the old bases in the DNA template
DNA polymerase
What are three key roles of DNA
Storing, duplicating, and passing the information
What are the chemical components of DNA
Phosphate groups, nitrogen bases, and deoxyribose sugar
Why is it useful for the base pairs of DNA to be held together by hydrogen bonds and not covalent bonds
Hydrogen bonds are easier to break which lets DNA to copy more
How did Watson and Crick make a useful inference from Frankin’s X-ray studies of DNA
Used the images of DNA to show it double-helix structure
What is the role of DNa polymerase in the process of DNA replication
Synthesizing DNA
Explain the process of DNA replication
The process of copying DNA so each new cell is identical to the original DNA
Why does the DNA have to replicate itself
They replicate because when cells divide, new daughter cells receive a identical copy of the genetic information
