DNA Structure Flashcards
Friedrich Miescher
Discovered a compound within the nucleus, he called it nuclein, which was later known as DNA
Rosalind Franklin
Discovered DNA through X rays
Watson and Crick
Described Franklins x ray of DNA and discovered the structure of DNA
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
(De oxy ribo nucleic)
What does DNA store
DNA carries the genetic information which is inheritable that determines traits
DNA and proteins purpose
DNA codes for proteins that help the body function and determine traits.
How is chromosomes made?
DNA is wrapped tightly around Histone and coiled, which forms chromosomes,
DNA contains genes, which is a section of dna with many different bases which codes for proteins expressing a specific trait
DNA structure
- DNA is made of two long strands twisted into a double helix.
- Each strand is made of nucleotides, which are composed of:
- Sugar (Deoxyribose) (hexagon)
- Phosphate (circle)
- Nitrogen Base (rectangle)
How is DNA variation possible?
The are many gene sequences because of nitrogenous bases have four different based, A, T, C, G
How is DNA variation possible?
The are many gene sequences because of nitrogenous bases have four different based, A, T, C, G
A, T, G, C stands for
A - adenine
T - thymine
G - guanine
C - cytosine
Base pairs?
Adenine and thymine
Guanine and cytosine
Homologous chromosomes
*Homologous Chromosomes are chromosomes that are the same size, shape, type, and carry the same gene in the same location (locus).
*The genes are the same, but each chromosome may have a different version of the gene, called an allele.
What has to happen before cells can duplicate
A process in which DNA is replicated during cell division
- Before a cell can make copies of itself, it replicates its chromosomes, which contain DNA
- HAPPENS in interphase stage S
- DNA strands will split, and form new base pairs, resulting in a two daughter strands along with 2 original stands
