DNA Replication and Recombination

Question 1

what is replication?

Answer 1

the process of reproducing or duplicating

Question 2

what is recombination?

Answer 2

process of recombining things

Question 3

describe the process of replication in simple terms

Answer 3

two dna strands of the double helix are separated

each strand is then used to make a new copy of the ‘missing’ strand

each daughter strand of the new replicated dna contains one parental strand and new strand of dna

Question 4

what are the 7 key components of dna replication?

Answer 4

1) 4 different deoxynucleoside triphosphates
2) DNA helicase
3) single-stranded DNA binding proteins
4) dna polymerase
5) dna topoisomerase
6) dna primase
7) dna ligase

Question 5

describe dNTPs

Answer 5

single bases ready to go into dna and double it, like building blocks

Question 6

describe dna helicase

Answer 6

dna needs to be unwound and separated to allow the dna polymerase to gain access to make a copy

Question 7

describe single stranded dna binding proteins

Answer 7

they bind to the lagging strand to prevent the dna from sticking to itself and blocking copying

Question 8

describe dna polymerase

Answer 8

creates the new strand, checking it has been added to the correct base

if an error is found, replication is stopped and the error is corrected

Question 9

describe dna topoisomerase I

Answer 9

cuts and repairs the dna phosphodiesterase bond itself

Question 10

describe dna primase

Answer 10

builds a short rna primer on the dna template