dna genes protein synthesis

Question 1

genome

Answer 1

complete set of genetic information in the cells of an organiam

Question 2

proteome

Answer 2

complete set of proteins that can be produced by a cell

Question 3

describe structure of mRNA

Answer 3

long single strand

base sequence is complementary to the dna it was transcribed from

Question 4

advantages of using mRNA N not DNA for translation

Answer 4

shorter + contains uracil = breaks down quickly so no excess polypeptide forms

single stranded and linear = ribosome moves along strand and allows for trna to bind to exposed bases

contains no introns

Question 5

describe structure of trna

Answer 5

a single strand of around 80 nucleotides that is folded over into a clover leaf shape
one one end there is an anticodon
on the other its an amino acid binding site

Question 6

whats produced by transcription

Answer 6

mrna

Question 7

translation takes place in the ..

Answer 7

ribosomes

Question 8

outline the process of transcription

Answer 8

dna uncoils in to two strands and the bases are exposed
one strands used as a template
free nucleotides line up next to their complementary base n r joined by dna polymerase

Question 9

what happens to mrna after transcription

Answer 9

in eukaryotes, pre-mrna must b spliced to remove introns leaving only the coding regions
then it moves out of the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome

Question 10

whats produced by translation

Answer 10

proteins

Question 11

where does translation take place

Answer 11

cytoplasm

Question 12

outline the process of translation

Answer 12

the anti codon of tRNA attaches to complementary bases on the mrna
amino acids bonded to trna form peptide bonds continuing to form a polypeptide chain until a stop codon is reached
requires atp