Dna, Genes, Chromosomes, Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Genome

Answer 1

Complete set of genes in a cell

Question 2

Proteome

Answer 2

Full range of proteins that a cell is able to produce

Question 3

tRNA structure

Answer 3

Single polypeptide chain folded into clover shape
Hydrogen bonding

Question 4

ATP in transcription

Answer 4

bond between amino acid and tRNA molecule

Question 5

Describe how results from a colorimeter can identify the fruit juice containing the higher sugar content

Answer 5

Higher absorbance has more sugar
Lower transmission has more sugar

Question 6

Starting with mRNA in the nucleus of a cell, describe how a molecule of protein is synthesised

Answer 6

mRNA leaves nucleus through nuclear pore
To ribosome
tRNA molecules bring amino acids to ribosome
Specific tRNA molecule for specific amino acid
Anticodon of tRNA corresponds/ complementary to codon on mRNA
Peptide bonds form between amino acids
tRNA detaches and collects another amino acid
Ribosome moves along mRNA

Question 7

tRNA vs DNA

Answer 7

Linear/ double helix vs clover leaf
Deoxyribose vs ribose
Double stranded vs single stranded
Many nucleotides vs few
Thymine vs uracil
Doesn’t bind to amino acid vs does bind to amino acid
No exposed bases vs has an anticodon