DNA , GENES AND CHROMOSOMES

Question 1

contains chromosomes that are visible under the microscope as dark-staining, rod-like or rounded bodies.

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

occur in pairs in the body cells

Answer 2

Chromosomes

Question 3

are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells.

Answer 3

Chromosomes

Question 4

Swine

Answer 4

19

Question 5

Goats

Answer 5

30

Question 6

Dogs

Answer 6

39

Question 7

Chicken

Answer 7

39

Question 8

Cattle/ Bovine

Answer 8

30

Question 9

Sheep/ Ovine

Answer 9

27

Question 10

Horse

Answer 10

32

Question 11

Donkey

Answer 11

31

Question 12

Rabbit

Answer 12

22

Question 13

Unique structure of chromosomes keeps DNA tightly wrapped around spool-like proteins called

Answer 13

Histones

Question 14

Huge molecules that hold information

Answer 14

Nucleic acid

Question 15

is the nucleic acid that holds all the genetic information for organisms

Answer 15

DNA

Question 16

is a complex molecule composed of deoxyribose, phosphoric acid, and four bases

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

Individual genes are located in a fixed position known as

Answer 17

Loci

Question 18

Are made up of tightly coiled strands of DNA

Answer 18

Chromosomes

Question 19

is made up of two chromatids and a centromere.

Answer 19

Chromosomes

Question 20

Are formed from tightly coiled strands of DNA

Answer 20

Chromatids

Question 21

Each chromosome has a single differentiated region along its length which acts as the point of association between the chromosomes and the spindle. This is the same point at which force is exerted in the separation of dividing chromosomes

Answer 21

Centromere

Question 22

is a permanent well-defined region of the chromosomes. The position of the centromere along the length of the chromosome contributes to the shape of the chromosomes during cell division: metacentric; acrocentric; or telocentric.

Answer 22

Centromere

Question 23

The constricted region of linear chromosomes is known as the

Answer 23

Centromere

Question 24

help to keep chromosomes properly aligned during the complex process of cell division

Answer 24

Centromere

Question 25

are repetitive stretches of DNA located at the ends of linear chromosomes.

Answer 25

Telomeres

Question 26

Also play a role in cancer

Answer 26

Telomeres

Question 27

Is made up of a specific functional sequence of nucleotides which codes for specific proteins

Answer 27

Gene

Question 28

found in the nucleus of the cell

Answer 28

DNA

Question 29

Is coiled into a compact structure called chromosomes

Answer 29

DNA

Question 30

Complete set of blueprints

Answer 30

DNA

Question 31

Four basic building blocks

Answer 31

Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)

Question 32

When the four bases bond together they form a

Answer 32

Double helix ( Ladder)

Question 33

is one of a pair of genes that appear at a particular location on a particular chromosome and control the same characteristic, such as blood type or color blindness.

Answer 33

Allele

Question 34

Each gene has two copies which are called

Answer 34

Alleles

Question 35

is the allele that controls what will happen or which trait is exhibited ( Capital Letter)

Answer 35

Dominant Allele

Question 36

is the allele that is “overruled” and this trait or function will not be seen because of the dominant allele ( lower case letter)

Answer 36

Recessive allele

Question 37

This is an organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of its genes.

Answer 37

Genome

Question 38

contains all of the information needed to build and maintain that organism.

Answer 38

Genome

Question 39

This is the arrangement that provides a picture of a complete set of chromosomes

Answer 39

Karyotype

Question 40

It shows the differences in size and banding pattern of chromosomes

Answer 40

Karyotype

Question 41

This is useful in determining the chromosome number of each species.

Answer 41

Karyotype

Question 42

Containing genetic information to enable organism to manufacture

Answer 42

DNA

Question 43

The nucleus of a cell contains chromosomes which carry instructions for the growth and development of an organism

Answer 43

Chromosomes

Question 44

The versions of genes are called alleles and may be different from each other

Answer 44

Allele

Question 45

A photographic arrangement of a complete set of chromosomes of a cell or organisms

Answer 45

Karyotype