DNA + DNA replication

Question 1

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 1

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

Question 2

What subunit is DNA made up of?

Answer 2

Nucleotides

Question 3

What makes up a DNA nucleotide?

Answer 3

Phosphate, nitrogenous base, pentose sugar

Question 4

What are the nitrogenous bases?

Answer 4

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

Question 5

Step 1 of DNA replication?

Answer 5

Helicase comes in and unwinds the DNA.

Question 6

Step 3 of DNA replication?

Answer 6

DNA polymerase can only build the new strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction, meaning it adds new bases to the 3’ end. So, the 3’ to 5’ strand is lagging because primers have to keep being placed for the DNA polymerase to build. Fragments that result are called Okazaki fragments.

Question 7

Step 2 of DNA replication?

Answer 7

Primase comes in and makes RNA primers on both strands.

Question 8

Step 4 of DNA replication?

Answer 8

Ligase has to deal with the gaps between the fragments, sealing them together

Question 9

What results at the end of DNA replication?

Answer 9

2 identical double helix DNA molecules.

Question 10

Where does DNA replication occur?

Answer 10

The nucleus

Question 11

Why is DNA replication necessary?

Answer 11

ensures that each daughter cell gets a copy of the genome, and therefore, successful inheritance of genetic traits.