DNA & Characteristics Flashcards
what does DNA make in an organisms
it makes up genetic material
what is the structure of a DNA
It is a double helix
Why is DNA a polymer
Its made up of small repeating units= monomers
what is the name of the monomers that make up DNA
called nucleotides
wt does each DNA molecule contain
2 strands of nucleotides which call together to form a double helix
wt is DNA stored in
nucleus
wt is DNA stored as
chromosomes
what is a chromosome
Its one very long molecule of DNA and its coiled up
What do chromosomes come in
they come in pairs but humans have 23 pairs
Each chromosomes contain….
genes
what is a gene
a gene is a short section of DNA that codes for a specific protien
what are proteins
they’re polymers made from monomers called amino acids
what does a gene do
tells a cell to put together amino acids in a specific order to make a specific protein
what is the name of the reaction that join monomers together
its called polymerisation
what do proteins do
Protein controls different characteristics eg hair colour eye lash length
Genes an exist in….
different versions
different versions of the same genes are called
Alleles
what is the similarity in a pair of chromosomes
both carry the same genes
the entire genetic material is an organism is its….
genome
what is a name of the combination of alleles for each/ a gene for an organism
Geno type
define the word phenotype
characteristics the organism displays
what affects the organism phenotype
- your genotype 2. the environment
