DNA and RNA

Question 1

DNA stands for

Answer 1

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 2

What is DNA

Answer 2

a double stranded polynucleotide chain which form a helical structure and are the instructions which make up every living organism

Question 3

What are the nucleotides in a polypeptide chain formed of

Answer 3

-A phosphate group PO4*2-
-A pentose (5 carbon) sugar called a deoxyribose
-A nitrogen base ACT or G

Question 4

What do ACTG stand for

Answer 4

Adonin
Cytosine
Thymine
Guanine

Question 5

What reation/bond creates polynucleotide chains

Answer 5

-condensation reaction
-phosphodiester bond

Question 6

Whats found at either end of the polynucleotide chain

Answer 6

-A free phosphate group 5’ (the five prime) on one end
-A free OH group 3’ (the three prime) on the other end

Question 7

where do the phosphodiester bonds form

Answer 7

between the OH group on the pentose sugar and the phosphate group on the adjascent nucleotide

Question 8

Who discoverd the three dimensional structure of DNA

Answer 8

Watson and Crick

Question 9

The main structure of DNA

Answer 9

-double starnded (two polynucleotide chains) which run anti parallel to eachother
-The polynucleotide strands form a double helix

Question 10

How are the two polynucleotide chains joined

Answer 10

with H bonds between complementary base pairs
AT
CG

Question 11

Why is it usefull that DNA is double stranded

Answer 11

There are 2 copies of information which is usefull for
-repair
-copying
-error checking

Question 12

How is RNA different to DNA

Answer 12

-comprised of ribose nucleotides (ribose sugars)
-RNA has the base Uracil instead of Thymine
-RNA is single stranded
-RNS is shorter stranded