DNA And RNA Flashcards
What is heredity?
Heredity is the passing on of features from parents to offspring by means of genes
What is a gene?
A gene is a section of DNA that causes the production of a protein
What is gene expression?
Gene expression is the way in which the genetic information is a gene is decoded in the cell and used to make a protein
What are characteristics?
Characteristics are traits or features that are inherited genetically
What is non-coding DNA?
Non-coding DNA is DNA that does not cause the production of a protein
What is the genetic code?
The genetic code is the sequence of bases in DNA that provide the instruction for a cell (using RNA) to form a protein
What is a triplet/codon?
A sequence of three bases in DNA (or RNA) that act as a code for an amino acid
What is a DNA profile?
A DNA profile is a method of making a unique pattern of bands from the DNA of a person, which can them be used to compare with the DNA profile of another person
What is forensic medicine?
Forensic medicine is the way in which medical knowledge is used in legal situations
What is genetic screening?
Genetic screening means testing DNA for the presence or absence of a particular gene or an altered gene
What is transcription?
Transcription is the copying of a sequence of genetic bases from DNA onto messenger RNA (mRNA)
What is translation?
Translation is the conversion of a sequence of genetic bases on messenger RNA into a sequence of amino acids
What are the purines?
The purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G)
What are the pyrimidines?
The pyrimidines are thymine (T) and cytosine (C)
An anticodon?
An anticodon is a sequence of three bases (a triplet) on tRNA that are complementary to a sequence of three bases on mRNA
