DNA

Question 1

What does nucleotide contain?

Answer 1

Phosphate, sugar and nitrogen base

Question 2

What order does the parts of nucleotide go in?

Answer 2

Phospate ^
Sugar connects
Nitrogen Base at >

Question 3

Who was the scientist that first identified DNA?

Answer 3

Johannes Miescher.

Question 4

When was DNA first identified?

Answer 4

1953.

Question 5

Who identified the components of DNA and the arrangement of a nucleotide?

Answer 5

Phoebus Levene.

Question 6

The amount of guanine + adenine = thymine + cytosine in DNA. Why?

Answer 6

Adenine = Thymine & Guanine = Cytosine because of chemical structure of each base.

The A - T bond = 2 Hydrogen Bonds.
G - C bond = 3 hydrogen bonds

Question 7

What is DNA?

Answer 7

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Double helix stranded molecule

Sugar phosphate backbone

Nitrogen based pairs (called nucleotides).
> 4 types: A - T, G - C

Question 8

What do chromosomes carry?

Answer 8

Nucleic.

Biological codes for a characteristic.

Question 9

___ are a constitute for DNA?

Answer 9

Chromosomes.

Question 10

What does DNA polymerase do?

Answer 10

Copy entire strand of DNA > make 2 identical strands w/ 1 strand of parent/daughter DNA.

Adds own bases to DNA strand.

Question 11

What’s DNA replication for?

Answer 11

Reproduction + Growth +

Repair damaged or dead cells

Question 12

How many pairs of chromosomes are there in a cell?

Answer 12

23 pairs.

Question 13

What does DNA replication do?

Answer 13

Replicate an exact copy of DNA.

Question 14

What does helicase do?

Answer 14

Unzips the 2x stranded DNA and exposes base pairs.

Question 15

What is helicase?

Answer 15

An enzyme that speeds up reaction.

Question 16

What does protein synthesis do?

Answer 16

Decode DNA to make protein for the cell to function.

Question 17

What binds the gene during translation?

Answer 17

RNA Polymerase.

Question 18

What does RNA Polymerase make?

Answer 18

mRNA.

Question 19

What’s mRNA made out of?

Answer 19

RNA (Ribonucleic acid).

Question 20

Uracil replaces thymine in?

Answer 20

RNA.

Question 21

Does RNA polymerase leave the nucleotides exposed?

Answer 21

No, it zips it back up.

Question 22

What does mRNA carry?

Answer 22

The code in the gene.

Question 23

Where does the mRNA go when it leaves the nucleus?

Answer 23

To the cytoplasm, to a ribosome.

Question 24

What happens in the ribosome?

Answer 24

3 of the bases will be available for the codon to come in and pair.

One codon at a time.

Each 3 have their turn and they made protein.

Question 25

Where is the disorder carried if it’s sex linked?

Answer 25

On the X chromosome.

Question 26

Which gender is less likely to express an X linked?

Answer 26

Females, possibility of link to be heterozygous.

Males cant be heterozygous. 50/50 chance.