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Biology > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Griffith

A

Studying pneumonia

Transformed the dead cell transformed into the living ones

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1
Q

Watson and Crick

A

Famously linked to DNA

Double helix pattern of DNA

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2
Q

Avery

A

DNA name

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3
Q

Chargaff

A

Four molecules of DNA

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

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4
Q

Hershey and Chase

A

Came up with the code of life

DNA+protein
4 molecules+20 amino acids

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5
Q

Rosalind Franklin

A

Took x-ray pictures of DNA

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6
Q

Double Rings

A

Purine-adenine and guanine

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7
Q

Single Rings

A

Pyrimidine-thymine and cytosine

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8
Q

What joins adenonine and thymine together…cytosine and guanine?

A

Hydrogen Bonds

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9
Q

Steps of DNA replication

A

1-unwind and unzip through HELICASE enzyme

2-add letters through DNA POLYMERASE

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10
Q

Telomeres

A

Tips of the DNA

Keeps the chromosome from unwinding

Everytime it is copied it gets shorter

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11
Q

DNA Ligase

A

Acts as the DNA glue.

Holds the Okasoki fragments together

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12
Q

Transcription

A

DNA gets turned into RNA

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13
Q

mRNA

A

Messenger RNA

Happens in the nucleus

makes proteins

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14
Q

Translation

A

Changes mRNA into proteins

Happens in the ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Full of rRNA

anticodons join onto the codons of the mRNA in the ribosomes

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15
Q

Characteristics of DNA vs. RNA

A

Deoxyribose
Double helix
Stays in nucleus
A,C,T,G

Ribose
Single helix
Can leave nucleus, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA
A,C,G,Uracil

16
Q

The Triplet Code

A

Three letters and one amino acid

17
Q

Three letters of mRNA

A

Codon

64 different codons

Every mRNA starts with AUG

18
Q

Ricin

A

Poisonous gas

19
Q

RNA polymerase

A

Unzips a section of the mRNA that codes the protein

20
Q

Promoter

A

Tells the polymerase which strand to unzip and replicate

21
Q

RNA splicing

A

Where the letters of the copied RNA fall off and the resulting strand leaves the nucleus

22
Q

Exons

A

Get translated and leave the nucleus

23
Q

Introns

A

Get cut out

24
Q

Frameshift

A

Inserting or deleting letters

25
Q

Polypeptide

A

A sequence of amino acids

26
Q

Codon

A

A sequence of 3 nucleotides of mRNA coding for an amino acid

Biology (6 decks)

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