Dna 16-18 Flashcards
Dna synthesize from
5’ to 3’
What is the term topoisomerase
It is when the DNa has many forms
Helicase function
Unzip dna for initial insertion
Exonuclease function
To clip out the primers
Primers are made from what
Rna
What connects the gaps between dna fragments
Ligase
Whats a dna cap
Telomere (shows the end of the strand)
Po3 function
Enlongation
Po1 function
Clean primers, and fill in the gaps
Common function between po1 and po3
Can both proofread
Types of mutation
Substitution, deletion and insertion
What checks for mutation
MuTL (checks the methylation of the dna)
What removes the mutation
MUTH (removes and ligase would connect the back)
Muts function
Proofread again
Uc effect on dna
They can cause the cross link of the thymine. Remove by phosphorylation
Whats translesion
Forcing the completion eventhough theres an error cause it cannot be fixed
Po4 and 5 function
Po4 would overlook a damage whereas po5 would not
Whats a double base strand repair
If the strand is homo= make a new strand
If the strand is hetero= ligase fix
function of tata
dictate the replication direction
steps to regulation of gene
sequence -> promoter -> tata
positive control eg
lac opéron
negative control
trp operon
what are opérons
a cluster of gene that is controlled via on or off switch. responsible for many related expressions
name bacteria opérons
lac z, lac y, lac a
lac opérons should normally be
off
function of operator
the in or off switch
how does lac op. works
once lactose is present in the system, binds to the repressor to remove them. the synthesis runs and proteins are made to digest the lactose
can lac be positive
yes. according tô the amount of lac in the lac1
how many trp proteins are there
5
trp is normally on or off
on
transcription factor pathway
protein binds promoter then to enchaine then the synthesis can take place
what makes trp turns off
triptrophan
what happened when there not triptrophan
operator works (always on) and triptrophan is made
