DNA Flashcards
1
Q
what is DNA?
A
-carries genetic information
-important for all cellular functions
2
Q
what is the relationship between DNA, genes and chromosomes?
A
-a chromosome is made up of a DNA molecule and proteins
-The DNA carries genes that are responsible for certain characteristics in the organism
3
Q
what does double helix structure in DNA mean?
A
-DNA consists of two strands that are twisted around each other in the form of a double spiral.
4
Q
how is DNA organised inside a cell?
A
- a small segment of DNA carries a gene that stores information to make a single protein.
- each DNA molecule consists of two strands twisted around each other to form a double helix.
- a molecule of DNA is wrapped around proteins to form a single chromosome.
5
Q
what is the basic unit of DNA?
A
-nucleotide
-contain a sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
6
Q
what are the four different nitrogenous bases?
A
A- adenine
C- cytosine
G-guanine
T-thymine
7
Q
what are polynucleotides?
A
-nucleotides joined together
8
Q
what is the ratio of adenine: thymine or cytosine: guanine?
A
1:1
