DNA

Question 1

virulent

Answer 1

strain of bacterium that causes disease

Question 2

transformation

Answer 2

transfer of genetic material from one cell/organism to another

Question 3

bacteriophage

Answer 3

virus that infect bacteria

Question 4

virulent strain of bacterium S. pneumoniae causes disease because

Answer 4

it has a capsule

Question 5

Hershey and Chase used what organism in their experiments

Answer 5

E. coli

Question 6

Hershey & Chase’s experiment lead to the conclusion that

Answer 6

DNA is responsible for transformation in bacteria

Question 7

purine

Answer 7

nitrogenous base with 2 rings

Question 8

A

Answer 8

Adenine

Question 9

G

Answer 9

Guanine

Question 10

Pyrimidine

Answer 10

nitrogenous base with 1 ring

Question 11

T

Answer 11

Thymine

Question 12

C

Answer 12

Cytosine

Question 13

DNA

Answer 13

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 14

complementary base pair

Answer 14

A + T, G+ C, connected by hydrogen bond

Question 15

nitrogenous base

Answer 15

base containing nitrogen and oxygen

Question 16

replication fork

Answer 16

y-shaped region that result when 2 parental strands separate

Question 17

helicase

Answer 17

enzyme that separates parent strands

Question 18

replication of a DNA strand happens in

Answer 18

two different directions

Question 19

a mutation is a

Answer 19

change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA

Question 20

which enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds (separates parent strands)

Answer 20

helicase

Question 21

initiation

Answer 21

helicase separates DNA strands

Question 22

elongation

Answer 22

DNA polymerase makes complementary nucleotides

Question 23

termination

Answer 23

polymerases released, 2 identical copies of parent strands

Question 24

A and B form of DNA

Answer 24

A is dryer (produces detailed images)
B is wetter (produces simpler images)

Question 25

x pattern means

Answer 25

helix shape

Question 26

how many base pairs (units) are there in each full turn of the helix

Answer 26

10

Question 27

how many hydrogen bonds do A and C have

Answer 27

2

Question 28

how many hydrogen bonds do G and C have

Answer 28

3

Question 29

3 components of a nucleotide

Answer 29

nitrogenous base, deoxyribose, phosphate group

Question 30

chargaff

Answer 30

discovered that A=T, etc.

Question 31

phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugar are held together by

Answer 31

covalent bonds

Question 32

two DNA strands are

Answer 32

anti parallel

Question 33

5’ end with

Answer 33

phosphate

Question 34

3’ ends with

Answer 34

deoxyribose

Question 35

what was thought to be the genetic blueprint orignally

Answer 35

proteins

Question 36

enzymes that destroyed DNA

Answer 36

prevented transformation

Question 37

space between separated strands

Answer 37

replication bubble

Question 38

enzyme that checks for mistakes

Answer 38

proof reading enzyme

Question 39

DNA travels in

Answer 39

5’ to 3’

Question 40

bacterial transformation

Answer 40

griffith

Question 41

base-pair rule

Answer 41

chargaff

Question 42

DNA is the hereditary material of viruses

Answer 42

chase and hershey

Question 43

shape of DNA is helix

Answer 43

franklin and wilkins

Question 44

DNA is a double helix

Answer 44

watson and crick

Question 45

how many replication bubbles are on each DNA molecule

Answer 45

multiple

Question 46

leading strand

Answer 46

synthesized continuously

Question 47

lagging strand

Answer 47

synthesized in pieces (okazaki fragments)

Question 48

mutagen

Answer 48

agent that induces or increased the frequency of mutations