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Pharm test 5 > DM - oral > Flashcards

DM - oral Flashcards

1
Q

Metformin (Biguinide) - MOA

A

inhibits glucose formation in liver, slightly reduces glucose absorption, increase glucose uptake

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2
Q

Metformin (Biguinide) - pharm

A

not metabolized, excreted by kidneys

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3
Q

Metformin (Biguinide) - AE

A

decreased appetite, N, diarrhea, start low and increase gradually, does NOT cause hypoglycemia

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4
Q

Metformin (Biguinide) - contraindications

A

HF and significant renal impairment

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5
Q

Metformin (Biguinide) - caution

A

use with caution in patients with liver dz, severe infection or h/o lactic acidosis

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6
Q

Sulfonylureas -names

A

glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide

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7
Q

Sulfonylureas - MOA

A

promote insulin secretion by pancreas

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8
Q

Sulfonylureas- AE

A

hypoglycemia

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9
Q

Sulfonylureas - precautions

A
  • don’t give in preg or BF

- caution in patients with renal or hepatic dysfunction

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10
Q

Meglitinides (glinides) - MOA

A

stimulate insulin release

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11
Q

Meglitinides (glinides)- AE

A

hpoglycemia

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12
Q

Thiazolidinediones (TZD.Glitazone) - MOA

A

decrease insulin resistance, adjunct to metformin

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13
Q

Thiazolidinediones (TZD.Glitazone) - AE

A

URI, HA, sinusitis, myalgia, BBW - dont use in pts with HF, increase risk of bladder cancer, monitor for liver failure

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14
Q

alpha glucosidase Inhibitors (Acrabose) - MOA

A

delay absorption of carbs; can be used alone or adjunct

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15
Q

alpha glucosidase Inhibitors (Acrabose) - AE

A

flatulence, abd distension, diarrhea, r/o liver dysfunction with long term use

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16
Q

Dipeptidyl Peptidase - 4 Inhibitors (gliptins) - MOA

A

increase actions of incretin hormones, mono or adjunct

17
Q

Dipeptidyl Peptidase - 4 Inhibitors (gliptins) - AE

A

URI, HA, rarely pancreatitis, hypersensitivity reactions

18
Q

Sodium - Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SLGT2/Canagliflozin) - MOA

A

block reabsorption of filtered glucose which increases glucose in urine

19
Q

Sodium - Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SLGT2/Canagliflozin) - AE

A

female genital infections, UTI, increase urination

20
Q

Sodium - Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SLGT2/Canagliflozin) - interactions

A

rifampin, phenytoin, phenobarb (decreases levels)

r/o dehydration and hypotension with diuretics

21
Q

Glucon like peptide 1 receptor Agonists (Byetta) - MOA

A

injectable, mimics incretin hormone, adjunct only

22
Q

Glucon like peptide 1 receptor Agonists (Byetta) - AE

A

hypoglycemia, when given with sulfonyureas, N/V/D, renal impairment, hypersensitivity, weight loss, r/o developing antibodies, pancreatitis

Pharm test 5 (6 decks)

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