Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical medicine A > DM meds > Flashcards

DM meds Flashcards

1
Q

Biguanides meds

A

metformin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

biguanides MOA

A

Inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis
Decreases intestinal absorption of glucose
Improved insulin sensitivity
Increase glucose uptake and utilization by peripheral tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

biguanides SE

A

Anorexia
Metallic taste
NVD
B12 deficiency
BBW: Lactic acidosis
Weight loss/neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

biguanides CI

A

CKD (Serum Cr 1.4+[F]/1.5+[M], GFR <30)
Liver failure
Alcoholism
Acidosis
CHF
Radiocontact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

fisrt line for T2DM

A

biguanides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

TZD Meds

A

Rosiglitazone(avandia)
Pioglitazone(Actos)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

TZDs MOA

A

Binds to nuclear receptor (PPAR-G), affects gene expression for glucose metabolism
Allows muscle/fat cells utilize glucose easily
Improved insulin sensitivity
Decreased gluconeogenesis
Increased adipogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TZDs SE

A

Weight gain
Peripheral and macular edema
fracture risk
anemia
Bladder cancer(pioglitazone)
better lipids (pioglitazone)
worse lipids (rosiglitazone)
BBW:CHF, MI(for rosiglitazone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TZD CI

A

CHF
Caution: osteoporosis risk
Liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which meds have no hypoglycemic associations

A

TZD
A-glucosidase inhibitors
SGLT2 inhibitors
DPP-4 inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sulfonylureas meds

A

Glimepiride(Amaryl)
Glipizide(Glucotrol)
Glyburide(Diabeta, micronase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Meglitinides meds

A

Repaglinide(Prandin)
Nateglinide(Starlix)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sulfonylureas MOA

A

Binds
Stimulates pancreas to increase production of insulin to ATP-sensitive K- channels on B-cells causing insulin release

Works quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Meglitinides MOA

A

Binds
Stimulates pancreas to increase production of insulin to ATP-sensitive K- channels on B-cells causing insulin release

Works quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sulfonylureas SE

A

Weight gain
Hypoglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

meglitinides SE

A

Weight gain
Hypoglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sulfonylureas CI

A

Allergy to sulfa drugs
DKA
Caution: Liver/renal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

meglitinides CI

A

DKA
Caution: Liver/renal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A-glucosidase inhibitors meds

A

Acarbose(precose)
Miglitol(glyset)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A-glucosidase inhibitors MOA

A

Prevents breakdown of starches in intestine
Competitively inhibits enzymes that digest starches and sucrose
Delayed carb absorption
Decreased postprandial glucose rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A-glucosidase inhibitors SE

A

Weight loss
Hypoglycemia (if w sulfonylureas or insulin)
Increased LFT’s
Flatulence
“WHIF”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A-glucosidase inhibitors CI

A

DKA
Cirrhosis
Major GI disease
Caution: CKD
Liver disease
No hypoglycemia association

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

SGLT2 inhibitors meds

A

SGLT2 inhibitors
Canagliflozin(invokana)
Dapagliflozin(farxiga)
Empagliflozin(Jardiance)
Ertugliflozin(Steglatro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

SGLT2 inhibitors MOA

A

Stops renal glucose reabsorption
Increase glucose excretion by inhibiting protein that functions 90% of glucose reabsorption in kidney
Acts on proximal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
SGLT2 inhibitors SE
UTI, genital mycotic infections Increased LDL Decreased GFR Intravascular volume contraction, dehydration, hypotension Ketoacidosis(can mask DKA) Weight loss Dapagliflozin Breast,bladder cancer Canagliflozin Bone fractures, amputations
26
SGLT2 inhibitors CI
Moderate-severe CKD Caution: osteoporosis risk Mild CKD No hypoglycemia association Can improve CKD in non-DM pts
27
what drugs have a SE of pancreatitis
GLP-1 receptor agonists DPP-4 inhibitors
28
BBW thyroid cancer
GLP-1 receptor agonists
29
GLP-1 receptor agonist meds
Exenatide(byetta/bydureon) Liraglutide(Victoza, saxenda) Lixisenatide(adlyxin) Dulaglutide(trulicity) Semaglutide(ozempic, rybelsus) Tirzepatide(mounjaro) natide patide glutide
30
GLP-1 receptor agonist MOA
mimics incretin GLP-1 Slows gastric emptying Stimulates insulin release Inhibits glucagon release increases satiety
31
GLP-1 receptor agonists SE
Hypoglycemia(if taking insulin secretagogues) NVD(dose dependent) Pancreatitis Weight loss, low appetite BBW: thyroid cancer Tirzepatide Increased GI SE, weight loss, decreased BG
32
GLP-1 receptor agonists CI
PMHX/FMHX of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN 2 Caution: gastroparesis, use w/o other rx that decrease GI motility
33
SE of nasopharyngitis
DPP-4 inhibitors
34
bone fractures and amputations SE
Canagliflozin (SGLT2 inhibitor)
35
flatulence as SE
A-glucosidase inhibitors
36
peripheral and macular edema SE
TZDs
37
BBW lactic acidosis
biguanides
38
Urticaria SE
DPP4-inhibitors
39
DPP-4 INHIBITORS meds
Sitagliptin(januvia) Saxagliptin(onglyza) Linagliptin(Tradjenta) Alogliptin(nesina)
40
DPP-4 inhibitors MOA
Prolongs effect of endogenous incretin GLP-1 by inhibiting enzyme that degrades it Increase insulin release, satiety, B-cell proliferation Decrease glucagon release, gastric emptying
41
DPP-4 inhibitors SE
NVD(less than GLP-1) Nasopharyngitis, URI Pancreatitis Urticaria(hives) Angioedema Increase risk of arthralgias Weight neutral Alogliptin, Saxagliptin Increased risk of HF
42
DPP-4 inhibitors CI
allergy
43
BBW hypoglycemia
amylin anaglogs
44
amylin analogs meds
pramilintide (symlin)
45
amylin analogs MOA
Mimics effects of amylin Decrease glucagon release, gastric emptying Increase satiety
46
Amylin analogs SE
NV Anorexia Weight loss BBW: Hypoglycemia
47
Amylin analogs CI
Gastroparesis Unaware hypoglycemia Caution: rx that decrease GI motility
48
angioedema SE
DPP-4 inhibitors
49
Bile acid sequestrants meds
colesevelam (welchol)
50
SE of bile acid sequestrants
Constipation Dyspepsia Increased TG Lowers LDL
51
dopamine receptor agonists meds
bromocriptine
52
dopamine receptor agonist SE
NV Dizziness HA
53
look at slides 60-62 and figure out what the hell is goin on
mmmmk
54
glucagon MOA
Mimics endogenous glucagon Increases glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
55
glucagon SE
NV HTN Tachycardia Anaphylaxis
56
glucagon CI
Pheo Insulinoma Glucagonoma
57
Dextrose MOA
Provides monosaccharides for fuel
58
Dextrose SE
Hyperosmolar syndrome HypoK Dehydration Edema
59
Dextrose CI
Allergy to corn Diabetic coma CNS hemorrhage Dehydration DTs(delirium tremors)
60
CI allergy to corn
Dextrose

Clinical medicine A (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions